3.2 and 3.3

Question 1

monomer of nucleic acids

Answer 1

nucleotide

Question 2

monomer of protein

Answer 2

amino acid

Question 3

monomer of lipids

Answer 3

glycerol and fatty acids

Question 4

monomer of carbohydrates

Answer 4

monosaccharides

Question 5

What are elements in each biological macromolecule?

Answer 5

Carbohydrates: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Lipids: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Proteins: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur

Nucleic Acids: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

Question 6

What are biological functions of each biological macromolecule?

Answer 6

Carbohydrates are used by living things as their main source of energy. They also store energy. Plants, some animals, and other organisms also use carbohydrates for structural purposes.
source of energy, store energy, used for structure

Lipids can be used to store energy and carry messages. Some lipids are important parts of biological membranes and waterproof coverings.
store energy, carry messages, forms cell membranes

Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary, or genetic, information. They also help to make proteins.
store and transmit info, contain instructions for proteins, make proteins

Proteins control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes. Others form important cellular structures, while still others transport substances into or out of cells or help to fight disease.
speeds up chemical reactions, makes up muscles, carries messages, helps cell structure

Question 7

The four levels of protein structure

Answer 7

primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.

Question 8

what is the function of collagen

Answer 8

provides structure, protects and supports softer tissues, and reconnecting them

Question 9

function of micro tubule

Answer 9

providing support and providing tracks

Question 10

function of actin

Answer 10

forms filaments that are important for cell structure and mobility.

Question 11

function of myosin

Answer 11

molecular motor that powers the muscle contraction.

Question 12

what do infrastructure proteins do

Answer 12

support and move cells

Question 13

what do channels, pumps, and receptors do

Answer 13

get back and forth across the membrane.

Question 14

Why and how would the structure and function of a protein change if a hydrophobic amino acid was substituted for a hydrophilic one?

Answer 14

changes in structure due to a single amino acid substitution can affect the protein’s function.