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BIOL 273 - Principles of Human Physiology 1 > 6.1 - Function of the Immune System & Types of Pathogens > Flashcards

6.1 - Function of the Immune System & Types of Pathogens Flashcards

1
Q

What is the literal meaning of immunis?

A

exempt

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2
Q

What is immunity?

A

the body’s ability to fight off foreign invaders

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3
Q

What are the keys features of the immune system?

A
  • lymphoid tissues
  • immune cells
  • chemicals that coordinate and execute function
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4
Q

What are some foreign invaders that the immune system protects the body from?

A
  • microbes = bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa
  • parasites = worms
  • toxins produced by microbes
  • allergens
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5
Q

What feature of the immune system helps to remove dead/damaged tissue and cells?

A

immune cells scavenge the extracellular environments

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Abnormal cells (unable to stop growing) are detected and removed by the immune system

A

TRUE

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7
Q

List the diseases that occur when the immune system does not perform normally:

A

incorrect responses: autoimmunity
- cells attack their own body cells

overactive responses: allergies

lack of response: immunodeficiency
- body unable to fight off invaders

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8
Q

What are pathogens?

A

disease-causing agents

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9
Q

List the types of pathogens

A
  • parasites
  • bacteria
  • viruses
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10
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Parasites are generally intracellular

A

FALSE

parasites = extracellular

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11
Q

Parasites enter the body via a variety of routes. What are some diseases they can cause?

A

chronic illness, nutritional deficiencies, death

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12
Q

Give an example of a parasite

A

malaria, enters via insect bite

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13
Q

Are bacteria intracellular or extracellular?

A

BOTH

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14
Q

What is the structure of a bacteria cell?

A

surrounded by cell membrane and cell wall

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15
Q

How do we get rid of bacterias?

A

drugs: anti-biotics

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Bacteria cannot survive and reproduce outside host

A

FALSE

Bacteria CAN survive and reproduce outside host

17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Viruses are extracellular pathogens

A

FALSE

Viruses: intracellular

18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Viruses are cells

A

FALSE:

Viruses= not cells

19
Q

What is the structure of a virus?

A

nucleic acid core and protein coat

20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Viruses cannot reproduce alone and need host cells

A

TRUE

21
Q

How are viruses treated?

A

anti viral drugs

22
Q

What happens to a virus once inside a host cell?

A
  • nucleic acid takes over
  • reproduces more viral cells inside the host cell
  • new viral particles either rupture host cell or bud away from host cell

BIOL 273 - Principles of Human Physiology 1 (24 decks)

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