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Mod 6 > 6.1 > Flashcards

6.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is slag?

A

When any impurities float to the surface in a furnace

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2
Q

What happens to steel when carbon levels are increased?

A

Hardness and tensile strength increases

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3
Q

Low carbon steels contain how much carbon?

A

0.1-0.3%

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4
Q

Medium carbon steel contains how much carbon?

A

0.3-0.5%

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5
Q

High carbon steel contains how much carbon?

A

0.5-1.05%

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6
Q

What does AISI stand for?

A

American iron and steel institute

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7
Q

What do the first two digits in alloy steel designation stand for?

A

The primary alloying elements

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8
Q

What do the last two digits in alloy steel designation stand for?

A

The percentage of carbon contains in the alloy

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9
Q

For example if an alloy steel was designated XX30, what does this indicate?

A

It has 0.3% carbon

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10
Q

What is the quenching process?

A

Heat up a metal a and rapidly cool in water, oil, or brine

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11
Q

What determines hardness in steel?

A

The amount of carbon

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12
Q

What is the fastest way to quench?

A

By using brine (salt water)

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13
Q

What is the slowest way to quench?

A

By using oil

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14
Q

What is a eutectoid?

A

When a metal can exist in more than one form at the same temperature

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14
Q

What is stainless steel also known as?

A

Corrosion-resistant steel (CRES)

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14
Q

What are 200 and 300 series steels classified as?

A

Austenitic steels

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14
Q

What are 400 series steels classified as?

A

Ferritic and martensitic steels

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15
Q

Where are precipitation-hardened stainless steels used?

A

Airframe

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16
Q

Where are high-strength low-alloy steels used?

A

Landing gear

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17
Q

What is the purpose of heat treatment?

A

To improve mechanical properties

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18
Q

What are the four types of heat treatment?

A
  1. Annealing
  2. Normalising
  3. Hardening
  4. Tempering
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19
Q

What is annealing?

A

Heating 50F above critical temperature and allowing to soak

20
Q

What is the purpose of annealing?

A

To release internal stresses and to make it soft

21
Q

What is normalising?

A

Heating 100F above its critical temperature and allowing to cool slowly in air

22
Q

What is the purpose of normalising?

A

To release internal stresses and make it stronger

23
Q

What is hardening?

A

Heating above the critical temperature and then quenching

24
Q

What is the purpose in hardening?

A

It increases hardness

25
Q

What is tempering?

A

Heated below critical temperature and held at Temperature then slowly cooled

26
Q

What is the purpose in tempering?

A

To release internal stresses caused by rapid cooling (hardening)

27
Q

What is hydrogen embrittlement?

A

When hydrogen enters a grain structure and reacts with carbon to form methane which leads to cracks

28
Q

How can hydrogen embrittlement be removed ?

A

By baking at 375F for at least 3 hours

29
Q

What are the three steel alloy rework precautions?

A
  • stress concentrations
  • hydrogen embrittlement
  • untempered martensite
30
Q

How should metal removal be done?

A

By hand or with slow-speed hand-held power tools

31
Q

When do stainless steels require protective treatment?

A

When in contact with light weight alloys

32
Q

What is galvanic corrosion?

A

When two dissimilar metals corrode by being next to each other

33
Q

What is necessary for galvanic corrosion to take place?

A

An electrolyte (eg. Water)

34
Q

What does it mean if a metal is less noble?

A

It is more susceptible to corrosive attack

35
Q

What does it mean if a metal is more noble?

A

It is less susceptible to corrosive attack

36
Q

What does it mean if a metal has a lower number on the galvanic scale?

A

It is less noble

37
Q

What does it mean if a metal has a higher number on the galvanic scale?

A

It is more noble

38
Q

Why is case hardening completed?

A

To make low carbon steel components hard and tough

39
Q

Why is case hardening not completed on high carbon steels?

A

Because they will become more brittle

40
Q

What type of metals aren’t suitable for case hardening?

A

Non-ferrous metals

41
Q

What is carburising?

A

When a thin layer of high carbon steel is produced on the surface of a low carbon steel component

42
Q

What are the three types of carburising?

A
  • pack carburising
  • gas carburising
  • liquid carburising
43
Q

What temperature is carburising completed at?

A

Up to 1700F

44
Q

What is pack carburising?

A

Heating whilst packed into a carbon rich material

45
Q

What is gas carburising?

A

Heating in a carbon dioxide rich atmosphere

46
Q

What is liquid carburising?

A

Heating in a bath of either sodium cyanide or barium cyanide

47
Q

What is flame hardening?

A

Heating the surface above the transition temperature with a torch and then quenched immediately with water jets from the same torch

48
Q

What material can flame hardening be carried out on?

A

Steels with at least 0.4% carbon and after they have been normalised

49
Q

What is induction hardening?

A

When an induction coil surrounds the component and heats with eddy currents in the surface of the steel and then quenched

50
Q

What is nit riding?

A

Heating metal to 1000F in ammonia which allows nitrogen into the surface

Mod 6 (17 decks)

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