6 - Toxicology Flashcards
1
Q
Antimuscarinic poisoning
A
HOT as hare (hyperthermia) DRY as bone (decreased secretion) RED as beet (cutaneous vasodilation) BLIND as a bat (cyclopegia) MAD as hatter (CNS toxicity)
Physostigmine
- may be helpful
- NOT for tricyclic overdose
2
Q
Cholinomimetics
Organophosphate poisoning
A
DUMBBELSS
- diarrhea
- urination
- miosis
- bronchospasm
- bradycardia
- excitation (skeletal muscle and CNS)
- lacrimation
- sweating
- salivation
Pralidoxime + atropine
3
Q
Opioids
A
PCR
- pupillary constriction
- comatose state
- respiratory depression
Naloxone
4
Q
Aspirin poisoning
Salicylates
A
CHAFS
- coma
- hyperventilation
- acidosis (HAGMA)
- fever
- seizures
Correct acidose and fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Alkaline diuresis or hemodialysis to aid elimination
5
Q
Sedative-hypnotic poisoning
A
Hot Hot Hot DeCisioN
- hypothermia
- hypotension
- hypoactive BS
- disinhibition
- coma
- nystagmus
- consider flumanezil for benzodiazepine overdose
- airway and respiratory support
- avoid fluid overload
6
Q
TCA overdose
A
3Cs
- coma
- convulsion
- cardiotoxicity
- control seizures
- correct acidosis and cardiotoxicity with sodium bicarbonate
- give NE for hypotension
- control hyperthermia
7
Q
Dimercaprol
A
- chronic lead (+ EDTA in calcium disodium salt for severe cases)
- acute mercury (DO NOT give in chronic - may redistribute to CNS)
- arsenic
8
Q
Deferoxamine
A
Iron
- thalassemia
- myelodysplastic syndrome sucks
9
Q
Succimer
A
Oral
- OPD patients chronic lead
- acute mercury
10
Q
Unithiol
A
Chronic mercury
- with succimer
- do not give dimercaprol - may redistribute to CNS
11
Q
Mee’s line
A
Arsenic
12
Q
Sweet garlicky odor in breath and stools
A
Arsenic
13
Q
Erethism
A
Mercury
14
Q
Minamata disease
- cerebral palsy
- deafness
- blindness
- mental retardation
A
Organic Mercury
- fish and grains containing methylmercury
15
Q
Blood level of LEAD to be able to give succimer
A
Greater than 45 mcg/dL
