6. time and chronic illness

Question 1

temporal self appraisal theory

Answer 1

the tendency to derogate distant past selves and praise recent past selves

Question 2

temporal landmarks and self appraisal

Answer 2

temporal landmarks can alter the perception of the temporal landscape

• let people categorize before and after personalities into seperate categories.

Those with chronic illness are not affected by temporal self appraisal- there was no difference in the manipulated condition - both felt pretty different to past selves.
Were affected by temporal landmarks.

Question 3

how and why is future time orientation linked to disease management behaviours

Answer 3

Trait procrastination (low future time orientation) is a vulnerability for poor coping in the context of chronic illness.
Sirois (2015) found that when controlling for age, sex, personality for every 1 point increase in procrastination there was a 60% increase in the liklihood of getting HT or CVD- poor coping mechanisms.

Question 4

inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Answer 4

Crohns disease

ulcerative colitis

Question 5

(Sirois and Hirsch, 2013)

Answer 5

recent condition, distant condition

temporal landmarks do affect closeness to past self even in those with chronic illness but temporal self appraisal doesnt.

Question 6

Self rated health influenced by

Answer 6

• cultural conceptions of health (conceptualization of health)
• individual differences (appraisal of health) - personality, health experience and expectation
• cultural norms for interpreting scale options (rating of health)

Question 7

personality and health

Answer 7

Two chronic illness samples
Arthritis, N = 365
Inflammatory bowel disease, IBD; N = 290
Analyses controlled for age, education, and current health, and fatigue
Fatigue explained 11% and 17% of FSRH
Agreeableness and Neuroticism explained additional variance in FSRH (4%)
Optimism levels explained why A & N were linked to FSRH.

Question 8

time perspective and diabetes

Answer 8

Both stress and poor health behaviors are implicated in the development and exacerbation of a number of major chronic diseases including hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
Procrastination associated with low Conscientiousness and Agreeableness, which are both linked to poor cardiovascular health.
Poor coping may increase vulnerability in individuals with HT/CVD.

Future time orientation predicts better weight management behaviours in the context of type 2 diabetes through stronger behavioural intentions.

Question 9

Wilson and Ross

Answer 9

students who were promted to think the begining of term was further in the past rated that past self more negatively as students wh were told it was closer.