6. Plant structures and functions. Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the main producers of food and therefore biomass?

A

photosynthetic organisms

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2
Q

in what sort of organisms does photosynthesis occur?

A

plants and algae

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3
Q

what are the reactants in photosynthesis?

A

carbon dioxide and water

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4
Q

what are the products in photosynthesis?

A

glucose and oxygen

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5
Q

what does photosynthesis require?

A

light energy

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6
Q

give the word equation for photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide + water—> glucose+ Oxygen

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7
Q

give three limiting factors on the rate of photosynthesis

A

temperature, light, intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration

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8
Q

what is the rate of photosynthesis directly proportional to?

A

light intensity

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9
Q

what is the rate of photosynthesis inversely the proportional to?

A

The distance from LightSource

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10
Q

what is the independent variable when investigating the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis?

A

distance on the lamp to the pond weed

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11
Q

what is a dependent variable, when investigating the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis

A

rate of change of pH of the solution

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12
Q

what is the function of root hair cells?

A

to absorb water and mineral ions from the soil

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13
Q

how are root hair cells adapted to their function?

A

they have large surface area

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14
Q

what is the function of the xylem?

A

transporting water and minerals through the plan

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15
Q

how are xylem adapted to their function?

A

they have lignified dead cells. The dead cells have no cytoplasm, so there is no space for water to move through. the wall strengthened with lignin rings, which makes them strong and stop them collapsing.

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16
Q

what is the function of a phloem?

A

transport sucrose around a plant

17
Q

how are phloem adapted to their function?

A

they have living cells which is energy to transport substances. They contain sieve tube elements and companion cells

18
Q

name the process which water and mineral irons are transported through the plant

A

transpiration

19
Q

name the process which sucrose is transported around the plant

A

translocation

20
Q

give three factors that affect the rate of transpiration

A

light intensity, air movement and temperature

21
Q

how does light intensity, affect transpiration

A

high light intensity causes, stomata open, rate of evaporation increases, so more water is taken up to replace it

22
Q

how does air movement affect transpiration

A

more movement means transpiration increases

23
Q

how does temperature affect transpiration?

A

higher temperatures leads to a faster rate of transpiration

24
Q

what equipment do you need to measure the rate of transpiration?

A

potometer

25
Q

how can you calculate the rate of transpiration?

A

Distance moved divided by time taken