6. Neurogenetics Flashcards

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1
Q

What do gene association studies look for? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A

Sorting of SNP’s

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2
Q

What is an SNP? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A
  • Single nucleotide polymorphism
  • Natural variations in our DNA
  • Identified by human genome project sequence
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3
Q

What is cortical atrophy? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A
  • Variant of Alzheimers disease
  • Affects frontal, temporal and parietal lobes
  • Accumulation of amyloid plaque on the cell soma
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4
Q

What causes the familiar form (early onset) of Alzheimers disease? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A
  • Mutated amyloid precursor protein results in more production of β amyloid
  • Unable to break down (possible in healthy P’s)
  • Occurs on chromosome 21
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5
Q

What causes the unfamiliar form (genetic risk factors) of Alzheimers disease? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A
  • E4 allele present in 15% of healthy, and 60% of Alzheimers brains
  • APoE polymorphism changes the amino acid, creating an alternative structure
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6
Q

What are inbred mice and what are they used for? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A
  • Alternative genetics, neurobiology and behaviour

- Comparing these to healthy mice can allow for the effects of gene changes to be seen

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7
Q

What is shown with gene replacement mice? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A

Only mutant gene is active

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8
Q

What is shown with gene knock out mice? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A

No active gene present

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9
Q

What is shown with gene addition mice? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A

Both genes are active

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10
Q

What are global knockouts? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A

The production of the protein is missing throughout the brain

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11
Q

What are conditional knockouts? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A

Production of the protein is missing from a specific region of the brain

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12
Q

What are inducible knockouts? (Neurogenetics B&B)

A

Protein production is controlled by drug treatment

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