6. Imaging of the Abdomen

Question 1

What is ERCP

Answer 1

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Modality of choice for diagnosing and treating problems of the bile and pancreatic ducts

Question 2

What is used to diagnose gallstones

Answer 2

Ultrasound

Question 3

What is used to view the abdominal aortic vasculature

Answer 3

Digital Subtraction Arteriopgraphy (DSA)

Question 4

What is used to access the SMA and nutcracker syndrome

Answer 4

Mid-Sagitall View CT

Question 5

What is Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome

Answer 5

• Digestive condition where 3rd part of duodenum is compressed between aorta and SMA
• Results in partial or complete blockage of duodenum

Question 6

What is Nutcracker Syndrome

Answer 6

• Compression of left renal vein between SMA and Aorta

- Leads to venous hypertension and disruption of thin veins in collecting system of kidney leading to hematuria

Question 7

What is ascites

Answer 7

Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

most common cause is portal hypertension

Question 8

What is Zenker’s Diverticulum

Answer 8

• Diverticular formation in the esophageal wall adjacent to the inferior pharyngeal constrictor and cricopharyngeus muscle
• Notorious for trapping food and causing severe halitosis
• Dysphagia, aspiration and regurgitation hours after eating are also associated symptoms

Question 9

Ulcerative Colitis imaging

Answer 9

‘Lead Pipe’ appearance of longstanding ulcerative colitis due to spasm of longitudinal muscles and/or irreversible fibrosis

Loss of haustral markings throughout the entire colon

Question 10

What is a Shatzki Ring

Answer 10

Narrowing of esophagus caused by a ring of mucosal tissue (which lines the esophagus) or muscular tissue