11. GI Correlations Flashcards
What is Cachexia
A profound and marked state of constitutional disorder; general ill health and malnutrition
What is Coffee-ground emesis
Denotes blood congealed and separated within gastric contents that takes the form of coffee grounds when in contact with acidic envrionment
What is Dyspepsia
Postprandial epigastric discomfort
What is Hematemesis
Vomiting blood
What is Hematochezia
Passage of bright red blood or marron stools
What is Melena
Dark colored stool consistent with broken down hemosiderin in bowel; typically malodorous, sticky, thick like paste ‘tarry’
What is Virchow’s Node
Palpable mass, lymph node, in the left supraclavicular/sternoclavicular fossa
What risk factors are associated with a Small Bowel Obstruction
Prior abdominal or pelvic surgery causing adhesions
What are Red Flags when it comes to GI issues
- PERSISTENT vomiting
- CONSTANT/SEVERE pain
- dysphagia
- hematemesis
- melena
- odynophagia
- weight loss (unintentional)
- palpable mass
What is secondary to a upper GI bleed 90% of the time
Melena
What usually occurs due to a lower GI bleed
Hematochezia
When a patient has coffee ground emesis what is most likely cause
Ulcer diagnosed with EGD
What causes Malt Lymphoma
H Pylori
What are the common diagnoses associated with quadranties
RUQ- Gallbladder shit RLQ- Appendicitis (gyn) LUQ- Gastritis, Peptuc Ulcer LLQ- Diverticulitis Epigastric- Pancreatitis, GERD, Peptic ulcer
What is Oropharyngeal dysphagia
Trouble initiating swallowing
-Parkinsons, Sjogren, Zenker diverticulum
What are the two main causes of Esophageal Dysphagia
Mechanical obstruction
Motility Disorder
What are the major labs for GI / abdominal workup
- CBC
- CMP (BMP)
- Urinalysis
- Pregancy
What comes in a CBC with diff compared to without diff
With diff has percentage and absolute counts of Lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils and monocytes
What is barium esophagography used for
- Subtle narrowing of esophagus due to rings
- Achalasia
- Proximal esophageal lesions
What is unique about an ERCP as a diagnostic tool
Can also be used for therapeutic techniques
What is the most common cause of Upper GI bleeds
Peptic Ulcer Disease
What is the most prevalent chronic bacterial disease
H Pylori
Causes: Peptic ulcers, gastritis, MALT lymphoma and duodenal ulcers
How does H Pylori survive
Urease hydrolyzes gastric urea to form ammonia that helps neutralize gastric acid
(UREA BREATH TEST)
What landmark distinguishes an upper GI bleed from a lower GI bleed
Ligament of Treitz
What is Chagas
- Secondary Achalasia
- Caused by kissing bug or Trypanosoma Cruzi
