6. Biological Hazards / 7. Business Principles / 8. Chemical Hazards / 9. Climate Conditions / 10. Communication & Group Dynamics / 11. Confined Spaces / 12. LOTO / 13. Cranes & Rigging Flashcards
Name the four business principles
- Cost benefit analysis
- Life cycle costs
- Net present value (NPV)
- Return on investment (ROI)
Which are insurable costs?
Direct costs are insurable.
Indirect costs aren’t.
Which is the relation between direct and indirect costs?
IC can be 1.1 to 4 times the DC
Net Benefits formula
(cost-benefit analysis)
Net Benefit = Benefit - Costs
Life cycle cost - stages
- Design concept
- Detailed design
- Purchase or install
- Operation and maintenance
- Decommission
Time Value of Money (formula)
F = P (1 + i )^n
P: present value of money (principle and investment interest)
F: future value of money (cost avoidance)
i: annual interest rate (APR)
n: period of time in years
Discount rate
A rate used to discount a future cash flow to its present value. Sometimes referred to as cost of capital.
In the USA, ____ publishes quarterly circular with prescribed discount rates for Federal Government use.
OMB: Office of Management and Budget.
Return on Investment (ROI) - formula
ROI = Net return / Cost of investment
ROI = (Gain of investment - Cost of investment) / Cost of investment
Cost of Loss (Illness)
Revenue Required = (Total Cost) / (% Profit Margin / 100)
Harmful biological agents (6)
Bacteria
Viruses
Parasites
Fungi
Allergens and toxins
Bites or stings
Bacterias and shapes
They are simple, one-celled organisms.
- Bacillus or rod-shaped
- Coccus or spherical
- Spirillum or twisted
Lyme disease
- Source
- Transmission
- Activities at risk
- Borrelia burgdorferi, transmited through a bacteria in the ticks.
- It is needed that the tick was attached to he human body among 26 to 48 hours.
- Outdoor activities.
Legionnarie’s desease and Pontiac fever
- Source
- Transmission
- Activities at risk
- Legionnela can grow in water if it is not properly maintained.
- Health problem when small droplets are inhaled.
- hospitals, hotels, cruiseships
Tuberculosis
- Source
- Transmission
- Activities at risk
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Transmitted by air
- Risk in hospitals, homeless shelters, correctional facilities, nursing homes
Brucelosis
- Source
- Transmission
- Activities at risk
- Brucella,
- Passed among animals: sheep, goats, cattle, deer, elk, pigs and dogs. Humans get infected by contact with these animals or animal products.
- Meet packing, livestock producers, veterinary, laboratory employees
Leptospirosis
- Source
- Transmission
- Activities at risk
- Genus leptospira
- Transmitted by urine of infected animals which can get into water or soil, common in temperate or tropical climates
- Outdoor workers or anyone who works with animals. Increased cases after hurricanes and floods, where people have to wade through contaminated water.
Tularemia, rabbit fever or deer fly fever
- Source
- Transmission
- Activities at risk
- Francisella tularensis bacterium
- Tick and deer fly bites, skin contact with infected animals, drinking contaminated water, inhaling contaminated aerosols, agricultural and landscaping dust, lab exposure
Considered a possible bio terrorism threat
Tularemia, rabbit fever or deer fly fever
Rocky mountain spotted fever
- Tick bite.
- Outdoor personnel, military personnel, rangers, foresters, ranchers, farmers, trappers, construction workers, lumber workers
Q Fever
- Source
- Transmission
- Activities at risk
- Coxiella Burnetti, natural in goats, sheep and cattle.
- Breathing dust contaminated with feces, urine or milk, or after helping animals give birth.
- Veterinarians, dairy farmers, ranchers, stock yard workers, meat processing personnel
Viruses
Tiny particle, smallest of all microbes. It reproduces infecting a host cell.
Hepatitis A, B & C
- Disease
- Transmission
- All produce liver infection and desease
- Hepatitis A: acute desease. Person to person through the fecal-oral routes or consumption of contaminated food or water.
- Hepatitis B: through blood, semen or other bodily fluids enter into a uninfected person
- Hepatitis C: transmitted through blood or bodily fluids with blood in them
What virus is covered in bloodborne pathogen standard?
Hepatitis B