23. Hierarchy of Controls Flashcards
Most common hierarchy of control stated by___, they are also in ____ standard
NIOSH National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
ISO 45001
Levels of PPE
Should be selected when the highest level of respiratory protection is needed and some degree of skin protection is required. This is the minimum recommendation for initial site entry where contamination is unknown.
Level B
Comprised of normal, everyday work clothes with no respiratory protection and minimal skin protection, although optional PPE can be added.
Level D
Should be selected when the types and concentrations of airborne contaminants are known, the criteria for using air-purifying respirators are met, and direct contact does not pose a skin hazard.
Level C
The highest level of protection. This is required when: * Conditions at a site are unknown; * Hazardous substances have been identified that require a high level of protection for skin, eyes, and the respiratory system; * There is potential for splash, immersion, or exposure to vapors, particulates, or gases that are harmful to the skin or may be absorbed through the skin; * Confined-space entry may be involved and the need for Level A cannot be ruled out; AND, * The skin absorption hazard may likely result in immediate death or serious illness or injury, or impair the ability to escape.
Level A
Which institutions describe the four levels of PPE?
OSHA and EPA
Modified leve D PPE?
Same as level D in respiration protection but skin protection is the same to the level C
Modified leve D PPE?
Same as level D in respiration protection but skin protection is the same to the level C
This is the movement of chemicals through zippers, seams, or imperfections in a protective clothing material.
Penetration
The process by which a chemical dissolves in, or moves through, a material on a molecular basis.
Permeation
An acceptable CPC is one where the ______ exceeds the expected period of CPC use
permeation breakthrough time
Factors that affects the permeation
- Time of exposition
- Concentration (pressure)
- Temperature
- Physical state
Where is available information about chemicals and CPC?
- SDS
- CPC manufacturers
- NIOSH
- CDC (Center for Desease Control and Exposure)
An approach that prioritizes a hazard-free and healthy work environment through the application of a hazard control and prevention approach, consistent with the traditional hierarchy of controls model.
Total Worker Health
According to NIOSH, this must perform the following five control steps in order, or simultaneously:
TOTAL WORKER HEALTH HIERARCHY OF CONTROLS MODEL
- Eliminate workplace conditions that cause or contribute to worker illness and injury or otherwise negatively impact well-being;
- Replace unsafe, unhealthy working conditions or practices with safer, health-enhancing policies, programs, and management practices that improve the culture of safety and health in the workplace;
- Redesign the work environment to remove impediments to well-being, enhance employer-sponsored benefits, and provide flexible work schedules;
- Provide safety and health education and resources to enhance individual knowledge for all workers; AND,
- Encourage personal change that will assist workers with individual risks and challenges and provide support for healthier choices.
Total Worker Health
The Total Worker Health (TWH) approach prioritizes a hazard-free work environment for all workers. It also brings together all aspects of work in integrated interventions that collectively address worker safety, health, and well-being. Traditional occupational safety and health protection programs have primarily concentrated on ensuring that work is safe and that workers are protected from the harms that arise from work itself. TWH builds on this approach through the recognition that work is a social determinant of healthexternal icon. Job-related factors such as wages, work hours, workload, interactions with coworkers and supervisors, and access to paid leave impact the well-being of workers, their families, and their communities. The long-term vision of the TWH program is to protect the safety and health of workers and advance their well-being by creating safer and healthier work.
___; an arc welding process that uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld.
TIG: Tungsten Inert Gas
___: an arc welding process in which a continuous solid wire electrode is fed through a welding gun and into the weld pool, joining the two base materials together. A shielding gas is also sent through the welding gun and protects the weld pool from contamination.
Metal Inert Gas
A gas safety device most commonly used in oxy-fuel welding and cutting to stop the flame or reverse flow of gas back up into the equipment or supply line.
Flashback Arrestor
Separation of gas fuel containers from oxygen container
20 feet (6 m) or
A non-combustible barrier of 5 ft (1.5 m) of height and 30 minute fire-resistance, also, barrier must be extend 18 in above or beyond the tallest cylinder
The primary voltage inside the welding equipment can be as high as ___ and a welder can be shocked by touching two different objects with voltage differences.
600 volts
Which is associated to arc welding as a serious hazard?
Electric Shock
Gas welding often uses ____ with the combination of a torch to form a flame.
Acetylene