5.5 Bacterial Diseases

Question 1

State how antibiotics work to cue bacterial disease?

Answer 1

kill bacteria

prevent growth of bacteria

Question 2

Describe how people become infected with food poisoning caused by Salmonella

Answer 2

Most common causes are eating either undercooked food contaminated with Salmonella
or food prepared in unhygienic conditions that becomes contaminated by Salmonella bacteria

Question 3

Why do doctors rarely treat Salmonella food poisoning with antibiotics?

Answer 3

. doesn’t last long (only a few days)
• unpleasant but not serious for most people
• antibiotics would be lost from system through sickness and diarrhoea
• risks development of antibiotic resistance

Question 4

Gonorrhoea is a STD. Explain what this means?

Answer 4

sexually transmitted disease

pathogens passed from one partner to another during unprotected sexual contact

Question 5

Suggest ways of preventing the spread of Gonorrhoea

Answer 5

• being celibate,
• having a single sexual partner,
• limiting number of sexual partners,
• always using barrier method
• of contraception (e.g., condom).

Question 6

What are the symptoms of salmonella?

Answer 6

abdominal cramps
vomiting
diarrhoea

Question 7

How long after eating the infected food does the symptoms of salmonella start?

Answer 7

8 to 72 hours

Question 8

Who can salmonella be fatal to and why?

Answer 8

very young or elderly due to dehydration

Question 9

How is the Uk reducing cases of salmonella?

Answer 9

poultry (chickens, turkeys, ducks, etc) are vaccinated against it to spread the disease

Question 10

Gonorrhoea has symptoms in the early stages but then becomes relatively symptomless
What are the symptoms in the early stages?

Answer 10

thick yellow or green discharge
pain when urinating

50% of women and 10% of men have no symptoms

Question 11

What are long term effects of gonorrhoea?

Answer 11

• long-term pelvis pain
  infertility
  ectopic pregnancies

Question 12

What can happen to babies whose mothers are infected with gonorrhoea?

Answer 12

can have severe eye infections and can become blind

Question 13

Can gonorrhoea be treated with antibiotics?

Answer 13

yes bacterial
Originally was treated with penicillin but now many antibiotic -resistant strains have evolved = so increasingly difficult to treat.

Question 14

True OR false

There are lots of bacterial diseases in plants

Answer 14

False - Usually found in tropical and subtropical regions

Question 15

What is Agrobacterium tumefaciens?

Answer 15

Bacterial disease in plants that causes crown galls - a mass of unspecialised cells that grow at the join between roots and the shoot in infected plant
- Infects lots of different plants (fruit trees, vegetables, garden flowering plants)