5.5 Flashcards
Romanticism and Enlightenment
- they challenged the enlightenment’s emphasis on REASON in discovering truth and reacted by stressing itution, feeling, emotion, and imagination as sources of knowing
- they also critiqued it in science
Characteristics of Romanticism
- they emphasized EMOTION, SENTIMENT, INNER FEELINGS
- INDIVIDUALISM
- stressed on the HEROIC
- interest in the PAST
- they were attracted “to the BIZARRE and UNUSUAL”
- love of NATURE
- PANTHEISM
- CRITIQUE OF SCIENCE
Love of Nature
- example: Wordsworth who believed through nature, we can learn about ourselves
- this love of nature carried into pantheism
Romantic Poets
- poetry was emphasized by romantics because they thought poetry “was the direct expression of one’s soul”
- Two major themes were: love of nature, critique of science
- examples: Shelley, Lord Byron
Mary Shelley
- example of gothic literature AND critique of science
- wrote Frankenstein
Gothic Literature
- came from people who were obsessed with the bizarre the unusual
- examples: Edgar Allen Poe, Mary Shelley
Interest in the Past
examples are walter scott (lit), grimm brothers (literature), revival of medieval gothic architecture
Walter Scott
- example of interest in the past because of his medieval knight stories
- ivanhoe is one of his books
Grimm Brothers
- example of interest in the past because they collected local stories
- fairy tales
Revival of medieval Gothic Architecture
- example of interest in the past
- the British house of parliment
Stress on Heroic
- example of stressing the HEROIC
- his portrayal in his “historical works” reflects romantic’s stress on heros
Goethe
- example of romantics who emphasized EMOTION, SENTIMENT, INNER FEELINGS because he BELIEVED IN HIS OWN WORTH THOUGH HIS INNER FEELINGS
- book: Sorrows of Young Werther
Wordsworth
- his is an example of love of nature and critique of science
- he believed through nature, we can learn about ourselves
- he also believed that science left no room for imagination or human soul
Critique of Science
- they believed science “reduce nature to a cold object of study”
- examples: Wordsworth, Shelley
Individualism
- interest in the unique traits of a person
- example: rebelled against conventions to “follow their inner drives”
Pantheism
- the great force in nature, unlike the deist god of the enlightenment (rejecting enlightenment)
- the enlightenment thinkers used rationality and science instead of faith. they thought god was distant and only made human beings then stepped back
- romantics believed in a loving personal God and stressed emotions, inner faith, and religious inspiration
Romanticism in Art
- artistic expression is a “reflection of the artist’s INNER FEELINGS”
- rejected principles of CLASSICISM
- classicism rejected warmth, emotion, movement
- examples: friedrich, turner, delacroix
Friedrich
- instead of painting details, he depended on his INNER VISION
- painting: Man and Woman Gazing at the Moon
Turner
- he did not idealize nature or create it accurately
- example: Rain Steam and Speed
Delacroix
- used color to created movement
- Death of Sardanaplus
Romanticism in Music
music was emphasized because it helped the person “probe deep into human emotions” and it awakened emotion
Beethoven
- he used music to reflect his inner feelings during the french revolution
- he was a bridge between classicism and romanticism
Berlioz
-he used program music to depict actions and emotions in a story
Revival of Christianity
- it had lost attraction during the enlightenment
- then with the “restoration of the nobility” they believed Christianity was a force for order in society and emphasized it
- romanticism = middle age attraction + emphasis on emotion = revival of christianity
Chateaubriand
- example of revival of catholicism and romanticism
- in his “bible of romanticism” he explained his defense of catholicism based “largely on Romantic sentiment”
Protestantism
- they received a revival through “emotional conversion”
- an example is methodism (evangelical) where they converted people who FELT/ HAD AN EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE their sermons of “hellfire”
- the people who converted and had an experience were people who were alienated by the STATE CHURCH
Romanticism and Nationalism
- since they studied the past, they helped make people aware of their common heritage
- this feeling led to revolts (greece)
lord byron
-went to greek and died there
-was a romantic poet
childe harold’s pilgrimmage
percy shelley
prometheus unbound
example of romantic poet and critique of science
