5.4 the liver Flashcards
bile
fluid secreted by the liver into the duodenum
bile acids
steroid synthesized from cholesterol
biliary
pertaining to bile or the biliary tract
bilirubin
bile pigment formed in the liver from the hemoglobin
cholesterol
steroid formed in liver cells; the most abundant steroid in tissues, which circulates in the plasma attached to proteins of different desnsities
duct
tube or channel that carries a substance
emulsify
break up into very small droplets to suspend in a solution
emulsion
system containing two liquids, one of which is the form of small globules that are dispersed throughout the other
excrete
to pass waste products of metabolism out of the body
excretion
removal of waste products of metabolism out of the body
gluconeogenesis
formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources
gycogen
the body’s principal carbohydrate reserve, stored in the liver and skeletal muscle
hepatic
pertaining to the liver
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
liver
body’s largest internal organ, located in the right upper quadrant of abdomen
pacreas
lobulated gland, the head of which is tucked into the curve of the duodenum
portal vein
the vein that carries blood from the intestines to the liver.
acinar cells
enzyme-secreting cells of the pancreas
carboxypeptidase
enzyme that breaks down the protein
cholecystokinin
hormone secreted by the lining of the intestine that stimulates secretion of pancreatic enzymes and contraction of the gallbladder.
electrolytes
substances, that when dissolved in a suitable medium, forms electrically charged particles.
endocrine glands
a gland that produces an internal or hormonal secretion and secretes it into the bloodstream
fatty acid
an acid obtained from the hydrolysis of fats
exocrine glands
a gland that secretes outwardly through the excretory ducts
gallbladder
receptacle on inferior surface of the liver for storing bile
islet cells
hormone-secreting cells of the pancreas
monoglyceride
a fatty substance with a single fatty acid
triglyceride
substance with three fatty acids
monosaccharide
simplest form of sugar; for example, glucose
disaccharide
a combination of 2 monosaccharides, for example, table sugar
polysaccharide
a combination of many saccharides; for example, stach
pacreas
lobulated gland, the head of which is tucked into the curve of the duodenum
secretin
hormone produced by the duodenum to stimulate pacreatic juices
trypsin
enzyme that breaks down protein
chymotrypsin
tripsin found in chyme
