5.2 Passive Transport

Question 1

selectively permeable

Answer 1

they allow some
substances to pass through, but not others

Question 2

Passive transport

Answer 2

a naturally occurring phenomenon and does not require the cell to exert any of its energy to accomplish the movement

Question 3

concentration gradient

Answer 3

area of high concentration
adjacent to an area of low concentration

Question 4

Diffusion

Question 5

facilitated transport

Answer 5

materials diffuse across the plasma membrane with the help of membrane
proteins

Question 6

transport proteins

Answer 6

integral proteins involved in facilitated transport
-channels for the
material or carrier

Question 7

Aquaporins

Answer 7

channel proteins that allow water to pass through the membrane at a very
high rate

Question 8

carrier protein

Answer 8

membrane protein that moves a substance
across the plasma membrane by changing its own shape

Question 9

Osmosis

Answer 9

the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane

Question 10

Tonicity

Answer 10

describes how an extracellular solution can change a cell’s volume by affecting osmosis

Question 11

Osmolarity

Answer 11

describes the solution’s total solute concentration

Question 12

hypotonic

Answer 12

situation in which extracellular fluid has a lower osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell, resulting in water moving into the cell

Question 13

hypertonic

Answer 13

o the extracellular fluid having a higher osmolarity than the cell’s
cytoplasm; therefore, the fluid contains less water than the cell does

Question 14

isotonic

Answer 14

the extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the cell

Question 15

plasmolysis

Answer 15

the cell membrane detaches from the wall
and constricts the cytoplasm.