5.2 Economic Change under Deng Xiaoping Flashcards
Deng’s aims
develop trade with outside world
encourage foreign investment
Modernise Chinese economy
Reasons for reforms
Machines and factories were old and inefficient
Communes failing to produce food
Grinding poverty made worse by droughts
Reasons for change in agriculture
production did not meet needs
communes meant no incentive to farm
Household responsibility system
each household received a bit of land
in exchange some of produce would go to state
extra produce could be sold for profit
effects of household responsibility system
Grain output increased
income of peasants increased
China is largest agricultural producer in the world
10 year plan (Industrial reforms)
State owned enterprises - managers run factories profitably
Open door policy - foreigner encouraged to come
Special economic zone - areas of cheap land where foreigners could invest
Positive effects of 10 year plan
Trade grew by 500%
record number of consumer goods
Negative effects of 10 year plan
Consumer good expensive
Inequalities
Culture damaged by western influence
Reasons for educational reforms
Highly educated workforce needed for modernisation
industrial progress required technical knowledge
CR meant less than 6% had degree level education
Educational reforms
entry exams were re introduced
Students encouraged to travel to west for education
Private Universities allowed
One child policy
Population was overgrowing
couples needed permit to give birth
financial penalties for having more than one child
Positive effect of one child policy
reduced population growth
negative effect of one child policy
difficult to enforce in countryside
gender imbalance
infanticide
