500 Practice Qs Flashcards
What is Il Falcone and where is it made?
One of the most prestigious wines of Puglia.
Made by Rivera in the Castel del Monte DOC
Blend of mostly Nero di Troia blended with Montepulciano
What is Torcolato? Where is it made?
Dessert wine made from dried Vespaiola, Garganega, and Friulano grapes that have been hung in a corkscrew fashion.
Produced in the Breganze DOC
Aged for a year in small barrels and then an additional 6 months in bottle
What is Saporavy?
Acidic teinturier grape of Georgia used to make some of the country’s finest wines.
What is Grande Vidure?
Bordeaux synonym for Carmenère
What is Eutypa Dieback?
Fungal disease caused by the Eutypa lata fungus common in Mediterranean climates.
Stunts shoot growth in vines and may kill an entire cane. Effects yields but not the quality of fruit
Where is the Wahluke Slope located?
Located in Washington along the Columbia River with the Saddle Mountains on the north
What are Port Tongs used for?
Opening a bottle of Port around the neck under the cork so that the cork is removed uncompromised along with the glass around it
What is saigne?
Process used in red wine making to increase the skin to juice ratio for improved extraction. Creates rose in the process
What are the satellites of St.-Emilion?
Lussac St.-Emilion
Montagne St.-Emilion
Puisseguin St.-Emilion
Saint George St.-Emilion
What are two producers of Single Malt Scotch in the following regions? Islay, Speyside, Campbeltown
Islay:
Ardbeg
Laphroaig
Speyside:
Balvenie
Glenfiddich
Cragganmore
Campbeltown:
Springbank
Glen Scotia
Glengyle
What are 5 villages of Côtes du Rhone?
Chusclan Plan de Dieu Puyméras Valréas Visan
What are 5 premiers crus of Volnay?
Taillepieds Champans Fremiets Caillerets Clos des Ducs
What are 3 Premiers Crus of Flagey-Echezeaux?
Les Rouges
En Orveaux
Beaux Monts
What are 5 premiers crus in Santennay?
Les Gravieres Clos de Tavannes Clos Rousseau La Comme Passetemps
What is Ausbruch?
Quality level of Pradikatswein in Austria. Ausbruch literally translates to “break out” and may also refer to the dessert wine specialty produced around the town of Rust and the Neusiedlersee lake from botrytized grapes harvested at 30 KMW/156 Ochsle (same as TBA)
botrytized must is mixed with fresher unbotrytized must in the style of Tokaji
What are 3 districts of Penedes?
Baix-Penedes
Medio-Penedes
Alt-Penedes
What are 5 AVAs of the Sierra Foothills from North to South?
Yuba El Dorado Fair Play Amador Calaveras
Where would you find the Côte de Sezanne?
In Champagne South and West of the Côte des Blancs
Where would you find wines produced from Schiava and how would you describe them?
Best examples come from the Alto Adige region of Italy though it’s produced in Germany as Trollinger and Black Hamburg in England.
Light-bodied and red fruited similar to Pinot Noir, but more floral and smells like cotton candy and potpurri
What are 5 producers of quality Sherry?
Valdespino Emilio Hidalgo Gonzales Byass Equipo Navazos Lustau
What is one district of the Breede River Valley Region?
Robertson
Worcester
Breedekloof
Describe the wines of the Grignan-les-Adhemar AOP.
Blend of Mediterranean grapes but must include Grenache and Syrah at min 10%. Secondary varietal include Mourvèdre, Cinsault, and Carignan.
Full-bodied, bold, spicy, black fruited.
Where would you find the Okanagan Valley?
British Columbia
What are the 6 permitted grape varieties for Crémant d’Alsace?
Chardonnay Pinot Noir Pinot Blanc Auxerrois Riesling Pinot Gris
What is the smallest anbaugebiete in Germany? Largest?
Sachsen is the smallest
Rheinhessen is the largest
What are the AOPs of Calvados?
Calvados Domfrontais
Calvados Pays d’Auge
Calvados
What is the Cima Corgo?
It is one of three subzones of Douro DOP
The other two are Baixo Corgo and Douro Superior
What are the 3 subzones of Douro DOP from west to east?
Baixo Corgo
Cima Corgo
Douro Superior
Where is the Côtes de Duras? What styles of wine are made there?
Located in Southwestern France and bound by Côtes du Marmandais to the southeast Bergerac to the east and Monbazillac to the northeast.
Still sweet and dry white wine, rosé, and red
What are the 5 classifications of sherry before going to solera?
Palma Palma Cortada Palo Cortado Raya Dos Rayas
What are the 6 viticultural regions in Chile from north to south?
Atacama Coquimbo Aconcagua Central Valley Sur Austral
What is maceration pelliculaire?
Pre fermentation skin contact common for the production of white and rosé wine to retain aromatics and flavor from the skins that would otherwise be lost.
What are 5 producers in the Stags Leap AVA?
Clos du Val Shafer Steltzner Chimney Rock Stag's Leap Wine Cellars
Where does the sediment in old wine come from?
Over time tannin molecules polymerize band become so heavy that they fall out of solution as sediment
Sediment can also come from wines that have been unfined and unfiltered
What is a mash tun?
Vessel, usually stainless steel wherein the wort, or sugar-rich liquid that is to be fermented into beer is boiled for the purposes of stabilization through evaporation of excess water and the introduction of hops which contribute antiseptic and preservative properties.
What is pigeage?
The breaking up and punching down of a rising cap in the production of wines that are fermented with their skins
What is remontage?
French word for the act of pumping fermenting must over the cap of a fermenting must with grapes skins for the purpose of aerating the wine and wetting down the cap to prevent the cap from drying out
What métayage?
French term for sharecropping in which a vine grower or vigneron rents vines or a part of a vineyard and pays rent in the form of wine or grapes.
What are 7 communes of production for St. Veran?
Saint-Verand Solutré-Pouilly Chasselas Saint-Amour-Bellevue Chânes Leynes Prissé
What is the color, style, and sweetness levels for the most famous wine of the following regions?
Sussex
Toro
Sussex:
Dry, sparkling white
Toro:
Dry still blanco, dry still rosado, dry still tinto
Where is La Crau?
Châteauneuf du Pape
In what two countries has Chartreuse been produced? During production in Spain, what city is labeled on Chartreuse bottles?
France and Spain
What is Braulio and what country is it from?
Amaro created in Valtellina, Italy.
What does Genshu mean?
This term indicates that sake has not been diluted for the purpose of lowering alcoholic strength.
What does Tokubetsu mean?
Tokubetsu means “special” as to indicate a special version of either special junmai or special honjozo.
What are the VQA Regions of Ontario? Which is furthest north?
Vancouver Island GI Gulf Islands GI Similkameen Valley GI Fraser Valley GI Okanagan Valley GI (Northern Most) British Columbia GI
In a rick house, why are whiskies aged in higher portions typically spicier? Give two examples
Because of the higher temperatures there’s more extraction and thus gives whiskies that are spicier.
What wines are made in the Coteaux du Lyonnais? Where is it located?
Dry still and nouveau rouge and rosé from Gamay
Dry still and nouveau blanc from Chardonnay, Aligoté and Pinot Blanc
Region is located west of Lyon on the slopes of the Monts du Lyonnais
What is PLC? What is its purpose?
Plafond Limité de Classement
It is an allowance within the French AOC that allows producers to exceed the official maximum limit on yields by as much as 20% in warm weather years
What is the AOP of Château de Bachen? Grapes for Red here? Grapes for White?
Tursan AOP
Cabernet Franc and Tannat for red
Baroque and Gros Manseng for white
What are the 4 AOPs from North to South that border Entre-Deux-Mers AOP? Which three are a apart of Southwest France? Which is the oldest?
Bergerac (SW)
Sainte-Foy-Bordeaux
Côte de Duras (SW)
Côtes du Marmandais (SW)
Bergerac (1936)
What is the southernmost region in the Southwest France?
Irouléguy
What AOP shares the same geography as Madiran AOP? What styles are produced in both?
Pacherenc du Vic-Bihl
Madiran: Rouge from Cabernet Franc and Tannat
Pacherecn du Vic-Buhl: Sweet Blanc and Blanc Sec from 60-80% Corbu, Petit Corbu, Gros Manseng, and Petit Manseng
In what department would you find the Corbières AOP?
Aude
What AOP is the western extension of Minervois AOP? What are the grape requirements there?
Cabardès AOP
Min 40% combined Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot
min 40% Grenache and Syrah
Cot, Cinsault, and Fer allowed
Val d’Orbeau, Domain de L’Hortus, Mas Julien and St. Martin de la Garrigue are located in what AOP?
Languedoc AOP
These two southernmost AOPs in France share the same geography. What is the difference?
Banyuls AOP and Collioure AOP
Banyuls is for fortified wine and Collioure is for the unfortified wines produced here.
What is the name of the small AOP above Nice?
Bellet AOP
What is the name of the AOP at the center of Provence that is named for the department?
Coteaux Varois en Provence AOP
The vin rouge from this AOP must contain a min 50% Mourvèdre?
Bandol AOP
What hilltop village in Provence making high quality rouge and rosé received its own AOP in 1995? When were white wines added as a style for this AOP?
Les Baux de Provence
Whites added in 2011
Chateau Simone covers 3/4 of this AOP just east of Aix en Provence?
Palette AOP
Domaine du Bagnol and Clos Ste Madeleine make wine in which AOP?
Cassis AOP
What are the largest and smallest Grands Crus of Geverey-Chambertin?
Mazoyères (smallest)
Charmes-Chambertin (largest)
What are 3 premier crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?
Clos St. Jacques
Cazetiers
Bel-Air
Aux Combottes
In what year was La Grande Rue elevated to Grand Cru?
1992
Name at least 3 of the 5 communes for Côte de Nuits-Villages?
Fixin Brochon Corgoloin Comblanchien Premeaux-Prissey
Which is the larger of the two grands crus of Chambolle-Musigny?
Bonnes Mares
What are 3 premiers crus of Vosne-Romanée?
Clos de Réas
Les Suchots
Aux Malconsorts
Cros Parantoux
From North to South what are the AOC communes of the Côtes de Nuits?
Marsannay Fixin Gevrey-Chambertin Morey-Saint-Denis Chambolle-Musigny Vougeot Flagey-Echezeaux Vosne-Romanée Nuits-Saint-Georges
Where is Pécharmant AOP and what styles of wine are made there? Grapes?
Rouge Only
Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot (no grape may exceed 65%)
What are the 5 AOCs that surround/separate Bergerac AOP?
Montravel AOP (west) Pecharment AOP (east) Monbazillac (middle) Côtes du Duras (south and west) Côtes du Marmandais (south and west)
What are 7 estates in the Graves Classification?
Mallartic-Lagravière La Mission Haut-Brion Latour-Martillac Château Olivier Domaine de Chevalier Haut-Bailly Chateau Pape-Clement
What year did Pessac-Léognan become AOP?
1987
What is the min % of Sauvignon Blanc for Pessac-Léoganan Blanc?
min 25%
What is the cepages of Château Haut-Brion? Red and white both
Red:
48% Merlot/ 40% Cab/ 11% Cab Franc/ 1% PV
White:
52% Semillon / 48% Sauvignon Blanc
What are 7 producers of Châteauneuf-du-Pape?
Château de Beaucastel Château Rayas Henri Bonneau Vieux Donjon Clos des Papes Bosquet des Papes Château La Nerthe
What grape method of harvest is used to produce Côteaux de l’Aubance AOP?
100% Botrytized Chenin Blanc
Manually harvested in successive tries
On what bank of the Loire River is Sancerre AOP, east or west? Pouilly-Fumé AOP?
Sancerre is on the west bank
Pouilly-Fumé is on the east bank
What are the 4 villages of Pouilly-Fuissé?
Chaintré
Solutré-Pouilly
Fuissé
Vergisson
What are two other AOP in the village of Pouilly other than Pouilly-Fuissé?
Pouilly-Vinzelles
Pouilly-Loché
Which Maconnais overlaps the Beaujolais district and which Cru does it encompass?
Saint-Véran AOP
Encompasses St.-Amour
What grapes are used to produce Macon-Villages?
Chardonnay to produce dry still white and primeur and nouveau wines
What is the newest Mâconnais AOP?
Viré-Clessé in 1999
What is the department of the Côte Chalonnaise?
Saône-et-Loire
What is another name for the Côte Chalonnaise?
Was once called the “Région de Mercurey”
Which AOC is just south of Mercurey?
Givry AOP
What are the 5 AOPs of the Côte Chalonnaise from North to South?
Bouzeron AOP Rully AOP Mercurey AOP Givry AOP Montagny AOP
Which Côte Chalonnaise AOP produces white wine only?
Montagny
What is the maximum amount of Chardonnay in Bouzeron AOP?
0%
100% Aligoté
Alsace lies on what latitude?
48th
What are the two French departments of Alsace?
Bas-Rhin
Haut-Rhin
What are the two varieties of Muscat found in Alsace?
Muscat Ottonel
Muscat Blanc/Rosé à Petits Grains
What is Klevener de Heiligenstein? What AOP is it bottled under?
Specialty wine produced in 5 communes around Heiligenstein in the Bas-Rhin from 100% Klevener (Savagnin Rosé)
Alsace AOP
How many Grands Crus were established in Alsace in 1983?
24 to make the total 25 at that time. There are 51 today.
Trimbach’s famous Clos Ste. Hune is produced from around what village? What vineyard?
Hunnawihr village
Rosacker Grand Cru
What are the only two premiers crus in Chablis that face Southwest?
Vosgros
Montée de Tonnerre
What are the key differences between a Chablis Grand Cru and Petit Chablis wine?
Grand Cru comes from mostly Kimmeridgian soils with a nice balance of clay and limestone.
Petits Chablis comes from vines planted on more Portlandien soil with hard limestone rock and are generally more exposed to the elements.
Stylistically Petit Chablis is the leanest and least likely style to see new oak. Grand Cru is the richest and most concentrated and more likely to see new oak.
Where is La Moutonne?
Delimited unofficial grand cru of Chablis shared between Les Preuses and Vaudésir in Chablis.
Monopole of Long-Depaquit
What is the name of a traditional barrel and its size in Chablis?
Feuillette 132L
What is the single village AOP for Sauvignon Blanc in the Yonne?
Saint-Bris
How many premier cru vineyards exist in Chablis? Name 5
40
Right Bank: Fourchaume Bérdiot Côte de Vaubarousse Montée de Tonnerre Mont de Milieu Les Fourneaux Vaucoupin
What are the 5 communes of Margaux? (CLAMS)?
Cantenac Labarde Arsac Margaux Soussans
What are 4 zones of South Australia?
Barossa Mount Lofty Ranges Limestone Coast Lower Murray Fleurieu Far North The Peninsulas
What are 3 satellites of “Pouilly-Fuissé”?
Pouilly-Vinzelles
Pouilly-Loché
Viré Clesse
What are the GIs of Western Australia?
Eastern Plains, Inland and North of Western Australia
Central Western Australia
South West Australia
West Australian South East Coastal
Greater Perth
What is Ausbruch?
Austrian botrytized sweet wine produced around the town of Rust. Must have same must weight as TBA wines for Austria (30KMW)
No chaptalization or addition of suss reserve is allowed.
Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Traminer, and Welschriesling
Why is the botrytized must often added to must of lesser weight between Spatlese and Beerenauslese for Ausbruch and Tokaj?
In order to dissolve the crystalized sugar in the botrytized grapes to speed up fermentation and make it more efficient.
What is the capacity of a Balthazar?
12 L (16 standard bottles)
What are the subregions of Valtellina Superiore from west to east?
Maggiore Sassella Grumello Inferno Valgella
What is a jeripigo?
Jerepigo is what vin de liqueur is called in South Africa.
Can be made from any grapes as long as the unfermented must is fortified from brandy.
What 5 AOPs produce wine around Carcassonne?
Clockwise starting from SW
Limoux AOP Malepère AOP Cabardès AOP Minervois AOP Corbières AOP
What is Brouillis in regards to Cognac production?
First distillation of the wash between 28-32% abv that is returned for a second distillation to extract the “sole” or what is to become the Cognac
What are two regions in Tasmania?
Tamar Valley
Coal River
Pipers River
What port house does Vargellas belong to?
Taylor Fladgate
What does IGT stand for?
Indicazione Geografica Tipica
What does the term INAO indicate?
French regulatory body for agricultural products including wine and cheese among other things.
Stands for Institut National de l’Orignie et de la Qualité
What does Millerandage mean? Coulure?
Millerandage refers to a poor fertilization of grapes giving small grapes with no berries among regular grapes. (Hens and Chicks)
Coulure refers to no fertilization of the embryo resulting in no formation of a grape.
What are the grape varieties used in Italian Vin Santo? Greek Vinsanto?
Italian:
White grapes Trebbiano and Malvasia for white. Sangiovese for rosé style “Occhio di Pernice”
Greek:
Mostly Assyrtiko in Santorini
Where exactly is Launceston?
At the southern end of the Tamar Valley in Tasmania. George Town is at the Northern End
What is the main town in Derwent Valley? Coal River Valley?
Hobart (Derwent Valley)
Sorell (Coal River Valley)
Where is the Coteaux du Loir? Coteaux de la Loire?
Coteaux du Loir (Touraine)
Coteaux de la Loire (Anjou)
Where is St. Croix du Mont and where exactly is it located?
In Entre-Deux-Mers directly across the Garonne River from the Preignac commune of Sauternes
Where and what is Fendant?
Fendant is a Swiss synonym for Chasselas in the Valais canton.
Called Dorin in Vaud
What is Ouzo?
Anise-flavored liqueur from Greece
What is Taurasi?
DOCG for Aglianico wines in Campania.
What is the name of the brandy added in Port production and the ration by which it is added?
Aguardente
Added in a 1:4 ratio
What is mutage called in Port?
beneficio
What are the Grand Cru Villages of Côtes des Blancs from North to South? What is the name of the Premier Cru village south of Le Mesnil-sur-Oger?
Chouilly Oiry Cramant Avize Oger Le Mesnil-sur-Oger
Vertus Premier Cru village is south of Le Mesnil-sur-Oger
What grand cru village is Cuis west of?
Cramant
Where are the following GIs: Swan Hill, Swan District, Kings Valley?
Swan Hill:
Big Rivers Zone of New South Whales
Swan Distict:
Greater Perth Zone of Western Australia
King Valley:
North East Victoria
Where is Château Tahbilk?
Nagambie Lakes subregion of the Goulburn Valley Region in Central Victoria zone of Victoria
Other than Highlands and Lowlands what are three other areas for Scotch?
Speyside
Islay
Campbeltown
The Islands
What is a Hybrid grape?
A grape that is a crossing of two or more Vitis species.
What is the Italian designation for Vin de Pays?
Traditionally called IGT
IGP
What are the other four districts of the Coastal Region not named Tulbagh and Constantia? What is the name of the larger Geographic Unit here?
Stellenbosch Swartland Wellington Cape Town Paarl Franschhoek Valley Darling
Where is Boberg and what style of wine are they known for?
It is a Region of the Western Cape for fortified wines that encompasses this style of production in the following districts:
Paarl
Wellington
Tullbagh
Franschhoek Valley
Where is Chalone AVA?
AVA of San Benito and Monterey Counties located east of Soledad in the Gabilan Mountains
What are 5 AVAs of Mendocino County?
Anderson Valley Mendocino Ridge Yorkville Highlands Redwood Valley Cole Ranch
What river do the following villages sit on:
Eitelsbach
Wehlen
Bad Kreuznach
Ruwer (Eitelsbach)
Wehlen (Mosel)
Bad Kreuznach (Nahe)
What is the min temperature for pressing Icewine in Canada?
-8C (17.6F)
What and where is Masa Plana?
Mas la Plana is a Cabernet Sauvignon-based cult wine produced by Familia Torres in Penedes. Used to be called Gran Coronas Mas la Plana
Where is Nelson exactly in New Zealand?
Northern most wine producing region on the South Island. NOT a GI
Where is the Martinborough subregion?
Wairarapa GI which is the southern most GI on the North Island of New Zealand
Where is Wellington in New Zealand?
Southern tip of the North Island along the Cook Straight that separates the two islands.
What is Dorin?
Dorin is a traditional appellation in the Swiss canton of Vaud for Chasselas wine.
What is the northernmost Grand Cru of the Côte de Beaune?
Corton Grand Cru
What is the difference between Klevner and Klevener?
Klevner (Pinot Blanc)
Klevener (Savagnin Rosé)
Where are the following Premiers Crus:
Aux Malconsorts
Monts Luisants
Aux Malconsorts:
Vosne Romanée south of La Tâche
Monts Luisants:
Morey-St-Denis west and upslope of Clos de la Roche.
What are the main grapes of Jurançon?
Gros Manseng and Petit Manseng are the main ones.
Corbu and Petit Corbu are the others.
What styles of wine are produced in Jurançon? What are the RS values for each?
Blanc Sec (max 4g/L) Sweet White (min 40g/L; was min 35g/L) VT (min 55g/L; was min 35g/L)
Where is the Clare Valley?
In the Mount Lofty Ranges Zone of South Australia
Where is Cariñena DO? What are the other 3 DOs there?
DO in Aragon
Calatayud DO
Cigales DO
Somontano DO
What are the quality port vintages between 1952-1962?
‘55 and ‘60
What are the soils of Sherry, Coonawarra, and Saumur?
Sherry:
barros (clay), arenas (sand), albariza (limestone)
Coonawarra: Terra Rossa (clay over well-drained limestone)
Saumur:
Tuffeau (chalk)
Varennes (alluvial sand)
Clay
Where is Coal River?
South part of Tasmania. Flows past major town of Sorell.
Where is Pipers River?
North part of Tasmania between Tamar Valley and North East. East of the town of George Town
What is the grape of Bucelas (Portugal)?
Main grape is min 75% Arinto called Perdernã there.
What is Bagaciera?
Pommace spirit produced in Portugal
What are pomace spirits called on the Greek mainland? Crete?
Tsipouro (Greek mainland)
Tsikoudia (Crete)
What drives autovinification? Main drawback?
The internal pressure caused by the ongoing fermentation which automatically led to a pumpover of the cap to prevent it from drying out.
Main drawback was temperature control
What is the grape variety used for making quality wines in Franken?
Sylvaner
What is the Ochsle level for Riesling Kabinett in Mosel? Spatlese in Mosel? Auslese in Mosel?
73 (Kabinett)
80 (Spatlese)
88 (Auslese)
Where are the following villages?
Deidesheim
Forst
Durkheim
Deidesheim (Pfalz)
Forst (Pfalz)
Bad Durkheim (Pfalz)
What are the 4 major Weinbaguebiete of Austria from North to South?
Niederosterreich
Wien
Burgenland
Styria
What are the 3 Weinbauregionen regions of Austria?
Weinland
Steierland
Bergland
What type of wine is made in Cerons AOP? Where is it?
Blanc Liquoreux
North of Barsac in Graves
What are the 5 subzones of Rias Baixas from North to South?
Ribeira do Ulla Val do Salnés Soutomaior Condado do Tea O Rosal
What is the best area for Port and what town is it near?
Cima Corgo
Near the town of Pinhão
Name the 4 main wine regions of the Central Valley in Chile from North to South and the two subregions of one of those.
Maipo Valley
Rapel Valley (Cachapoal and Colchagua)
Curicó Valley
Maule Valley
What are the communes for the following Châteaux?
Clos l’Eglise
Fieuzal
Lamothe
La Tour de Mons
Clos L’Eglise (Pomerol)
Fieuzal (Leognan in Graves)
Lamothe (Sauternes)
La Tour de Mons (Margaux)
Where is Bouzeron located?
Northernmost AOP in the Côte Chalonnaise in Burgundy
Where is Cour-Cheverny located? What the of wine and from what grape?
In the Loir-et-Cher department within Touraine.
Sec and off-dry white wine from 100% Romorantin
What are the two white-wine only AOP in the Côte Chalonnaise?
Montagny (Chardonnay)
Bouzeron (Aligoté)
What WO is the Central Orange River ward located in?
Northern Cape
Where is Mossel Bay?
On the coast of South Africa East of Cape South Coast Region
Where is Walker Bay? What are the 6 wards within it?
District In the Cape South Coast Region of South Africa south of Overberg District
Wards: Hemmel-en-Aarde Ridge Hemmel-en-Aarde Valley Upper Hemmel-en-Aarde Bot River Sunday's Glen Stanford Foothills
Where is Beaumes de Venise located exactly in the Southern Rhône?
Borders Gigondas on the southeast and is due west of Vacqueyras
Give 3 reasons why canopy management is so important in New Zealand.
Intense UV because there is no o-zone
High vigor because of fertile soils there
Underripe Sauvignon Blanc can result in high mvthoxy pyrazine levels
What is the coolest district of Chianti?
Ruffina. Higher elevation and cool breezes from the Apennines Mountains.
What are the aging requirements for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano Riserva?
Min 3 years with 6 months in bottle.
Where is Gambellara?
Gambellara is east of the Soave Superiore and Soave Classico zone. East of Verona.
What is the min abv% of Châteauneuf-du-Pape and Gigondas?
min 12.5%
What is a cartouche?
Cartouche is the raised glass logo or emblem embossed on a bottle of wine, most often found on the wines of the Châteauneuf-du-Pape region. Added by pressing a mold filled with molten glass to the already finished glass bottle.
What are the 8 subzones of Chianti?
Classico Ruffina Colli Senesi Colli Aretini Colli Fioretini Colline Pisane Montalbano Montespertoli
What are 9 factors used to rate a Port vineyard?
Location Altitude Exposure Bedrock Rough Matter Slope Shelter Vine Planting Density Yield Training System Vine Age
On what river is the village of Eltsville located?
Rhein River
Located East of Erbach in the Eastern Rheingau
What are 4 Regions of the Limestone Coast?
Coonawarra Robe Wrattonbully Padthaway Mount Benson Mount Gambier
What are the 4 subzones of Nelson? Where is Nelson?
Upper Moutere (Moutere Hills)
Takaka (Golden Bay)
Waimea Plains
Motueka
Nelson is the northernmost GI of the South Island of New Zealand. It is bordered by Marlborough in the east.
What is Passillerage?
State of drying grapes either by leaving them on the vine or by laying them on mats. Grapes are distinct in that they aren’t afflicted by botrytis.
What is the major difference between French and American oak?
Other than they’re different varieties of the same species, French Oak has a tighter grain and his hand split. American has a looser grain and is cut by saw more often than not.
Where is Pemberton? What are the others? (6 total including this one)
It is a GI Region of the South West Australia Zone in Western Australia.
Blackwood Valley Geographe Manjimup Great Southern Margaret River
What does Prix de Sortie mean?
Term used in Bordeaux to indicate the price that a Chateau or estate has offered to the wine trade
What are the red and white grapes allowed for Rioja? (5 red, 9 white)
Tempranillo, Garnacha, Mazuelo, Maturana Tinta, and Graciano for red
Viura, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Verdejo, Garnacha Blanca, Tempranillo Blanca, Maturana Tinta, Malvazia, Turruntés
What are the optimum temperatures for fermentation for white and red?
White wine below 59F
Red Wine between 68-86F
What is the river that runs through Chablis?
Sereine
What are the 3 bereiche of the Rheinhessen?
Nierstein
Bingen
Wonnegau
What does Bricco mean?
Bricco refers to the top of the hill in Piedmont and a reference to the best vineyards of the area which are frequently at the top part of the hills.
What is the Treaty of Methuen of 1703?
Treaty signed between England and Portugal starting a long relationship of trade between the two countries giving Portugal preferential tariffs.
What is Debourbage?
The process of letting the pressed juice from grapes settle to facilitate a clean racking.
What are the aging requirements for Cava?
Cava (min 9 months on lees)
Cava Reserva (min 15 months on lees)
Cava Gran Reserva (min 30 months on lees)
Cava de Parade (min 36 months on lees)
For Cava de Paraje, what is the min vine age for vines sourced? Vintage or NV? Sweetness levels?
Min 10 years old
Must be vintage-dated
Brut Nature, Extra Brut, or Brut only
What is Sifone? What styles may use this? What styles may not?
A mistelle produced by fortifying the unfermented must of overripe grapes.
Used to adjust both color and sweetness in Marsala
Vergine styles may not. Rubino, Oro, and Ambra may.
What is concia? What styles permit it? What styles don’t?
Addition of mosto cotto for Marsala production for the purpose of sweetening and adjusting color.
Ambra must include by law, at least 1% Mosto Cotto. Not permitted for Rubino, Oro, or Vergine styles.
What is a producer in the Wahluke Slope?
Bieler and Smith
What is Vespolina?
Vespolina is a red grape most commonly used in Piedmont where it is blended in to the Nebbiolo-based wines of the DOCGs and the DOCs in the northern part of the Appellation.
What is a Romer used for?
It is a green-stemmed German wine glass used to serve the sweet wines of Germany.
What are the 5 subzones of Mendoza? Which contains Lujan de Cuyo? Which contains Tupungato Valley?
Northern Mendoza Southern Mendoza Central Mendoza (Lujan de Cuyo) Eastern Mendoza Valle de Uco IG (Tupungato Valley)
How many years does it take before a California winery can turn organic?
5 years
What is a Bereiche of Hessische-Bergstrasse?
Starkenburg
Umstadt
What are the DOs of Galicia?
Rias Baixas Ribeiro Ribeira Sacra Valdeorras Monterrei
What are the parameters for Meritage designation from the Meritage Alliance?
Must be made of Bordeaux varietals and a blend and no grape may make over 90% of the blend.
What was the first DOCG announced in 1980?
Brunello di Montalcino was first
Barolo and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
What was the first white DOCG wine?
Romagna Albana in 1987
What is Château Y?
Dry white wine produced from Château Y’Quem
What are the aging requirements for Rioja Crianza, Reserva, and Gran Reserva Red wines?
Crianza:
Min 2 years (including 1 in oak)
Reserva:
Min 3 years (including 1 in oak)
Gran Reserva:
Min 5 years (including 2 in oak, 2 in bottle)
What are the aging requirements for Vino Espumoso Calidad in Rioja?
VEC: min 15 months on lees
VEC Reserva: min 24 months on lees
VEC Gran Añada: min 36 months on lees
Must be vintage-dated and from a single vintage
What are the sweetness levels permitted for Rioja Vino Espumoso Calidad?
Brut Nature, Extra Brut, Brut
Why was Barco Real di Carmignano DOC created?
To provide producers an alternative to the costly price of making Carmignano DOCG wines which require aging in oak.
The DOC is made from the same grapes as Carmignano DOCG but without the requirement of oak aging. This style is lighter and fresher than Carmignano.
What are 3 DOCs of Calabria?
Cirò DOC
Melissa DOC
Greco di Bianco DOC
What is the main grape of Melissa DOC white wines? Red wines? What region is it in?
Greco Bianco for white
Gaglioppo for red
In Calabria
What are 3 grapes used in Liebfraumilch?
Muller-Thurgau
Riesling
Sylvaner
What is Ughetta?
Synonym for Vespolina in Oltrepo Pavese Region of Lombardia
Perry or Pear Cider may contain no more than what % of apple juice?
max 25%
Perry of Domfront must be made from a min 40% of what pear?
Plant de Blanc
The DOCs of Collio and Collio Orientali can credit their soils to which 4 rivers?
Isonzo
Judrio
Tagliamento
Natisone
What is Schiopettino?
Red grape grown in the Friuli Colli Orientali DOC that resembles Syrah in expression with dark fruit, violet, and black pepper tones.
Which DOC produces the largest volume of wine in the Friuli-Venezia-Giulia region?
Friuli Grave DOC
The winery Santa Margherita comes from what DOC?
Valdadige DOC
Define Brixner.
Geographic designation for growers in the Valle Isarco subregion of Alto Adige DOC within Bressanone, Varna, and Naz-Schiaves
What DOC encompasses all of Trentino and Alto Adige?
Valdadige DOC
Name the village where Gewürztraminer originated.
Tramin in the Alto Adige
What are 3 sub varieties of Schiava?
Schiava Grossa
Schiava Gentile
Schiava Grigia
Eisacktaler is the german name for what sub zone of Alto Adige?
Valle Isarco
Alto Adige produces the fine velvety style Scuro and Dunkel from what grape variety?
Lagrein
Kretzer is made from what grape in what style in what wine region?
Lagrein in rosato style in Alto Adige
What is Pergola?
DOC in the Marche for Aleatico-based wines
also the Italian synonym for the Tendone vine training system
What are the two autonomous provinces of Trentino-Alto Adige?
Trento (south)
Bolzano (north)
What is the key producer and grape for Breganze DOC?
Fausto Maculan is the producer
Tai (Tocai Friulano/Sauvignon Vert) for white
Merlot for red with Marzemino, Pinot Nero, and Cabernet
Vaspaiolo for Torcolato
What are 3 bodies of water that influence the Veneto region?
Lake Garda
Adige River
Adriatic Sea
Valpolicella must be made with min/max of what main grape? What other grapes are blended in?
45-90% Corvine
5-30% Rondinella
Molinara and Negrara are others
What are the 5 subzones that make up the Classico zone in Valpolicella?
Fumane Negar Marano Sant'Ambrogio San Pietro in Cariano
What are the 3 Valpolicella Classico Valleys?
Fumane
Marano
Negrar
What DOC region bordering Lombardia produces dry whites from Erbaluce and red blends from Uva Rara, Nebbiolo, Vespolina, and Croatina?
Colline Novaresi DOC in Piedmont
What are the 5 villages of Barolo?
La Morra Barolo Monforte d'Alba Castiglione Falletto Serralunga d'Alba
What are 5 crus in La Morra?
Cerequio Brunate Rocche dell'Annunziata Aborina Gattera
What are 5 top crus in Barolo?
Cannubi Cannubi Boschis Bricco Viole Rue San Lorenzo
What are 5 top crus of Castiglione Falletto?
Monprivato Fiasc Pira Villero Bricco Rocche
What are 5 top crus in Monforte d’Alba?
Bussia Ginestra Santo Stefano Cicala Colonnello
What are 5 top crus in Serralunga d’Alba?
Francia Falletto Vigna Rionda La Serra (Giacosa) Marenca Marenca-Rivette
What DOC is Angelo Gaja using for his famous single vineyard wines? Why?
He wanted to blend Barbera in his wines as a means of acid correction when necessary. Though some believed it was for the purpose of blending in international grapes like Cabernet Sauvignon.
What is the name of Barolo’s famous soil types and why are they called that?
Tortonian Marl
Calcareous marl dating back to the Tortonian period
Helvetian Sandstone:
Dated back to the Helvetian epoch
What are the min standards for Soave Classico Superiore?
Higher min abv: 12% vs 11%
From Classico zone
lower yields: 10tons/ha vs 12
also aged for a min 1 year with 3 months in bottle vs released dec 1 of year of harvest
What are the DOCs for Prosecco? DOCGs?
Prosecco DOC
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG
Colli Asolani DOCG
What is Chiaretto?
Chiaretto is a dry rosé produced around Lake Garda.
Corvina and the Valpolicella grapes if it is made in Bardolino DOC
Groppello is the main grape if it is made on the other side of the lake in Lombardia in the Valtanesi DOC
What river lends a moderating influence to the vines of Bararesco?
Tanaro
Where is Chateau Porta Carras?
It is located in the Slopes of Meliton PDO of Macedonia in Greece
What area of England have a majority of the vineyards?
The south of the country. Sussex, Kent, and Surrey are the main areas.
What is the highest classification of wine in Bulgaria called?
Controliran which is a superior designation of origin within a DGO (Declared Geographic Origin)
What Australian region was created to allow blending across several states?
South Eastern Australia
Allows blending across Queensland, NSW, Victoria, Tasmania, and South Australia
What are three districts of Alentejo?
Redondo
Portalegre
Borba
Moura
Name a DOC made from the original Zinfandel grape.
Primitivo di Manduria DOC
What is a top DOC of Marche?
Rosso Piceno DOC
Dry red and novello wines made from mostly Montepulciano blended with Sangiovese or varietal Sangiovese wines.
What does Rioja joven mean?
Literally translates to young wine. Lightest and freshest expressions of Rioja wine. Not subjected to any cask aging and usually bottled straight from tank following fermentation. Not as rich and tannic as the other designated wines.
What is Espumosa?
Name for sparkling wine in Spain
What are the 9 subzones of Vinho Verde? Which one is located along the Minho River? Which 4 are located along the Douro?
Monção e Melgaço (Minho) Lima Cávado Basto Sousa (Douro) Ave Amarante (Douro) Baião (Douro) Paiva (Douro)
What is the northern most subregion of Vinho Verde and the river that borders it to the North? Southernmost and river?
Monção e Melgaço (Minho) in the North
Paiva (Douro) in the south
What 3 areas of Argentina produces some of the best Cabernet Sauvignon?
Lujan de Cuyo DOC within Mendoza
Salta
Rio Negre region of Patagonia
What counties of CA make up the North Coast AVA? (6)
Napa Sonoma Mendocino Lake Solano Marin
What are the 5 general wine growing areas in California?
North Coast AVA Central Coast AVA Central Valley South Coast AVA Sierra Foothills (technically part of the Central Valley)
Where would you find Vinho Rosado?
Portugal
What does Vermouth take its name from?
Comes from the French pronunciation of the German word Wermut which means wormwood.
What are the major red and white grapes of Valdepenas DO? What autonomia is it located in?
White:
Aíren, Macabeo, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Verdejo, Moscatel de Grano Menudo
Red:
Cencibel (Tempranillo), Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Syrah, Garnacha
Located in Castilla-La Mancha
What are two pruning techniques used for Champagne?
Cordon de Royat
Vallée de la Marne
Where are the following 1er Cru?
Clos des Ormes
Amoreuses
Clos des Ducs
Clos des Ormes (Morey-Saint-Denis)
Amoreuses (Chambolle-Musigny)
Clos des Ducs (Volnay)
What are the grapes of Saint-Peray?
Marsanne and Roussanne
Where are the Balaton Vineyards?
Hungary
What is the name of the Vin de Liqueur from Armagnac?
Floc de Gascogne
What is the name of a sparkling wine from Carcassonne?
Blanquette de Limoux
Blanquette méthode ancestrale
What is the Two German wine regions border Alsace?
Baden borders most of it. Pfalz is located across the Rhein in the North.
What is one producer from the Saar? Ruwer?
Egon Muller (Wiltingen, Saar) Karthauserhof (Eitelsbach, Ruwer)
What are the aging requirements for vintage Champagne?
Aged 12 months on the lees and for a total of 36 months from date of tirage.
What is produced in Samos (Greece)?
Vin Doux Naturel
Vin de Liqueur
Dried-Grape wine
All from Moscato Aspro (Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains)
What is the name for Muscat in Samos? What clone of Muscat is it synonymous with?
Moscato Aspro (Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains)
What is an Almacenista?
A company that purchases the wines when they’re young, ages them, and then sells them to a shipper when they’ve reached proper maturity.
What are the first two AOP west of the town of Touraine north of the Loire River?
Bourgueil then St Nicolas de Bourgueil heading west.
Where is Chinon in relation to Bourgueil?
South of Bourgueil across the Loire River
What is the min alcohol for Beaumes de Venise? Muscat de Beaumes de Venise?
Beaumes de Venise (12.5%)
Muscat de Beaumes de Venise (15%; 21.5% potential)
Rasteau can be originate from which three villages for VDN? Which is the only for still wines?
Cairanne, Rasteau, and Sablet
Rasteau for dry wines too
What is the maximum amount of Grenache allowed in Gigondas and Vacqueyras? Min required?
Max 85% for Gigondas
Maximum of 80% allowed for Vacqueyras
Both must include one other main grape (Syrah or Mourvèdre)
Min 50% required.
What is the name of the mountain range running through Châteauneuf-du-Pape and Gigondas?
Dentelles de Montmirail
What are the white wine only regions of the Northern Rhône? (6)
Condrieu Château Grillet St.-Peray Coteaux de Die Crémant de Die Clairette de Die
What are the aging requirements for LBV port? Envelhicido em Garrafa?
Aged in cask for at least 4 years and up to 6 then bottled.
If aged in bottle for an additional 3 years, the wine may carry the designation Envelhicido em Garrafa
What is advocaat?
Dutch liqueur made from eggs, sugar, and brandy. Has a custard-like consistency.
What are the 2 rosé wine specialties of Germany?
Schillerwein:
Produced primarily in the Wurttemberg region of Germany from red and white grapes that have been harvested and crushed together prior to fermentation.
Weissherbst:
Single Varietal rosés made using red grapes and produced in the saignée method of at least Qualitatswein in quality. Much of this is produced in Baden.
What are the top vineyard for Pinot Noir/Spätbrugunder in the Rheingau?
Assmannshauser Höllenberg
What are the top vineyard for Pinot Noir/Spätbrugunder in the Rheingau?
Assmannshauser Höllenberg
What are the best vintages of Champagne between 1980-2018?
‘82, ‘85, ‘88, ‘89,
‘90, ‘95, ‘96, ‘98,
‘02, ‘04, ‘05, ‘06, ‘08
What are feints?
The tails or after shots which is the third and final part of the second distillation for a spirt.
What is the difference between an ale and lager?
Lager is typically fermented at a lower temperature and the yeast Saccharomyces Pastorianus is used for the fermentation. This is a bottom fermenting yeast. Lagers are more subltle in taste and less fruity.
Ale is typically fermented at higher temperatures and by the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae. They are more flavor rich, fruitier, and more often more hoppy.
What grape is used to produce Clairette de Die?
100% Clairette for traditional method
Min 75% Muscat Blanc à Petites Grains plus Clairette for ancestrale method.
Coteaux de Die grape requirements and styles?
100% Clairette.
This is the still wine appellation for Clairette whereas Clairette de Die is the sparkling appellation for traditional method and ancestral method.
What is the viticulture practice of Colares in regards to replanting? How are vines cultivated? Discuss two soil types of Colares.
The sandy soils are called chão de areia and sit over clay soils called chão rija. The sand is dug away until the chão rija (clay) soils are reached and the vine is planted here. Manure along with chão de areia soil (sandy soil) is added over the next few years until the ground is level again.
What are the two major soil types of Colares and what grapes are planted to each? What is the main grape of Colares branco?
chão de areia (sand) which is planted to Ramisco
chão rija (clay) which is planted to Castelão
Colares Branco is mostly Malvasia
What are the aging requirements for Colares Branco and Tinto?
Branco:
6 months in wood, 3 months in bottle
Tinto:
18 months in wood 6 months in bottle
What is the main soil of Bairrada and the grapes grown there?
limestone-rich clay
Baga is the main grape and is often blended with Castelão and Rufete along with international grapes to soften it up.
Fernão Pires and Bical are the main whites along with Arinto
What are the grapes used in the production of Frascati? What are the 2 DOCG in Lazio for it? What’s the major difference between the two?
Malvasia Bianca di Candia and Malvasia del Lazio are the main grapes.
Trebbiano, Greco di Bianco, and Bombino are commonly blended in.
Frascati Superiore DOCG
Cannellino di Frascati DOCG (late harvest)
What are the four components of Sake?
Rice
Water
Koji
Yeast
What are the 6 geographic areas for Cognac in decreasing order of quality?
Grande Champagne Petite Champagne Borderies Fins Bois Bons Bois Bois Ordinaires
What are the four departments permitted for Cognac production?
Charente
Charente-Maritime
Dordogne (portion)
Deux Sevres (portion)
Name 4 aperitifs other than cocktails or sparkling and still wine.
Lillet
Aperol
Campari
Cocchi Americano
What are two producers in the Sauternes commune? two producers in the Barsac commune?
Sauternes:
Château Guiraud
Château Filhot
Barsac:
Coutet
Climens
What are the widely declared Port Vintages from 1980 to today? When were the last two split vintages?
‘80, ‘82, ‘83, ‘85, ‘87, ‘89
‘91, ‘92, ‘94, ‘97
2000, 2003, 2007, 2011
Last Split:
‘91, ‘92
‘82, ‘83
What is the name of the southernmost grape growing region in Argentina?
Patagonia is the southernmost region and its subzones are La Pampa, Nequen, and Rio Negro of which Rio Negro is the southernmost.
What are the DOCGs of Umbria?
Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG
Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG
What are the 10 crus of Beaujolais from north to south?
St. Amour Juliénas Chénas Moulin-à-Vent Fleurie Chiroubles Morgon Regnié Brouilly Côte de Brouilly inside.
What is Chlorosis?
Yellowing of the leaves on a grape vine which results from it not being able to produce enough Chlorophyll. This is a symptom of poor nutrition of the grape vine.
What is the scientific name for Phylloxera?
Daktulosphaira vitifoliae
Where is Wurzburg?
Franken, Germany
What are the AVAs of Sonoma ending in Valley? (7)
Dry Creek Valley Alexander Valley Knights Valley Sonoma Valley Bennett Valley Green Valley of Russian River Valley Russian River Valley
What is the most widely planted red varietal in Argentina?
Malbec
Cereza is a crossing of what?
Muscat of Alexandria and Listan Negro
What is a Pièce?
Traditional barrel used in Burgundy for fermenting and aging wines. 228L in volume
What is Cot?
Synonym for Malbec in Loire Valley and Cahors
What is Breton?
Synonym for Cabernet Franc in Loire Valley
What is Brazil’s largest producing wine area?
Serra Gaúcha in the state of Rio Grande do Sul
What are the two communal AOPs of Corsica?
Patrimonio AOP
Ajaccio AOP
What are 3 white grapes used in Port?
Rabigato
Gouveio
Esgana Ção
Chinon is located on what river?
Vienne River
This is south of the Loire
What are the 5 subzones of Navarra?
Tierra Estella Valdizarbe Baja Montaña Ribera Alta Ribera Baja
What are the Grands Crus of the Montagne de Reims?
Louvois Bouzy Verzy Verzenay Sillery Mailly Ambonnay Beaumont-sur-Vesle Puisieulx
What are the white grapes used in Châteauneuf-du-Pape?
Grenache Blanc Grenache Gris Bourboulenc Clairette Roussanne Piquepoul Blanc Piquepoul Gris Grenache Gris
What are the AVAs of Arizona?
Sonoita AVA
Wilcox AVA
What is Ratafia?
Vin de Liqueur not exclusive to but popular in Champagne using the grape juice from the last pressing (rebeche) for Champagne. It is flavored with almonds fruit juices, and marzipan among other ingredients.
What are the AVAs of New Mexico?
Mesilla Valley
Middle Rio Grande Valley
Mimbres Valley
What 3 monopole 1er cru vineyards of Domaine de la Pousse d’Or?
Clos de Soixante Ouvres
Clos de la Bousse d’Or
Clos d’Audignac
What are 4 cocktails using Angostura bitters?
Manhattan
(2:1 Rye Whiskey and Sweet Vermouth with a dash of bitters)
Horse’s Neck
(Bourbon, Bitters, Ginger Ale)
Old Fashioned
(Bourbon, Bitters, Sugar cube)
What is the major grape varietal for Rueda? Blanco and Tinto?
Blanco: Verdejo is the main grape with Sauvignon Blanc blended in.
Tinto: Tempranillo is the main grape. Garnacha, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot are permitted in the blend.
What is Oeil de Perdix?
Specialty Vin Gris style rosé produced in the Neuchâtel Canton of Switzerland from the free-run juice of a Pinot Noir press.
What are the 5 cantons of Switzerland for wine from West to East?
Geneva Vaud Neuchatel Valais Ticino
What is Viti?
Abbreviation for viticulture
What are 3 major DOCs of Apulia?
Salice Salentino DOC
Brindisi DOC
Castel del Monte DOC
Brindisi DOC in Apulia makes red wines based on what grape? White wines based on what grape? What 3 whites can be bottled varietally here? 2 reds?
Red wines based on Negroamaro
White wines based on Chardonnay
Chardonnay, Fiano, and Sauvignon for white varietal wines.
Negromaro and Susumaniello for reds.
What is the famous soil type in Saale-Unstrut and Franconia?
Sedimentary with limestone, sand, and shell.
What are the two most famous vineyards in Franken?
Würzburger Stein
Iphöfer Julius-Echter-Berg
What is the name of the main river in Sachsen?
Elbe River
What are 2 top DOCs in Lazio and the grapes used in them?
Orvieto DOC (shared with Umbria) White wines produced as all sweetness ranges from mostly Trebbiano Toscano (Procanico) and Grechetto
Frascati DOC
Bianco and Spumante from mostly Malvasia di Candia and/or Malvasia del Lazio
What grapes are permitted for the production of Franciacorta? Franciacorta Satèn? Franciacorta Rosé?
Franciacorta:
Pinot Nero and Chardonnay plus max 50% Pinot Bianco and max 10% Erbamat
Satèn:
Chardonnay with max 50% Pinot Bianco
Rosé: Min 35% Pinot Nero Max 65% Chardonnay Max 50% Pinot Bianco Max 10% Erbamat
What styles of wine are produced in Arbois AOP?
Blanc, Rouge, Rosé, Vin de Paille, and Vin Jaune
What are the four grapes permitted for Vin de Paille in Arbois AOP?
Chardonnay
Savagnin
Poulsard
Trousseau
What are the major villages of the Pfalz form North to South? (10)
Dirmsteim Laumersheim Grosskarlbach Kallstadt Ungstein Bad Durkheim Forst Deidesheim Ruppertsberg Haardt
Saint-Jeoire-Prieuré, Montmélian, Cruet, Apremont, Les Abymes are all crus of Savoie making white wine only from what grape?
Min 80% Jacquere
What crus of Savoie make both red and white wine? Grapes?
Chautagne
Chignin
Jongieux
All make white wines with mostly Jacquere plus Altesse and Chardonnay.
Red wines from min 90% combined Pinot Noir, Gamay, and/or Mondeuse
What are the 4 DOCGs of Friuli-Venezia-Giulia?
Ramandolo DOCG
Rosazzo DOCG
Colli Orientali Friuli del Picolit DOCG
Lison DOCG
What are the main 5 grapes of Rosazzo DOCG?
Tai Bianco (Friulano) min 50%
20-30% Sauvignon Blanc
20-30% Pino Bianco and/or Chardonnay
Max 10% Ribolla
What is the main province in Friuli-Venezia-Giulia?
Udine
What is the grape of Ramandolo DOCG?
100% Verduzzo Friulano (Verduzzo Giallo)
What are the 3 main DOCs for Lambrusco in Emilia-Romagna? What is the main one in Lombardia?
Emilia-Romagna:
Lambrusco di Sorbara DOC
Lambrusco di Grasparossa di Castelvetro DOC
Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce DOC
Lombardia:
Lambrusco Montovano DOC
What are the aging requirements for Rioja white/rosado for all three designations?
Crianza:
2 years including 6 months in oak. (remainder may be in bottle, oak, or stainless steel)
Reserva:
2 years including 6 months in oak. (remainder must be in bottle or oak)
Gran Reserva:
4 years including 6 months in oak (remainder must be in bottle or oak)
What are the AVAs of the South Central Coast from North to South?
Paso Robles York Mountain Edna Valley Arroyo Grande Valley Santa Maria Valley Santa Ynez Valley (encompasses Sta. Rita Hills and Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara)
What AVA is home to Rosemary’s Vineyard? What’s the name of the other famous vineyard here? Who produces both?
Arroyo Grande Valley
Rincon Vineyard
Talley Vineyards produces both.
What AVA is home to the Benito Dusi vineyard?
Paso Robles AVA
What AVA is home to Firepeak Vineyard?
Edna Valley AVA
What is the AVA of Qupé?
Santa Maria Valley AVA
What are 3 iconic vineyards in Santa Maria AVA?
Bien Nacido Sierra Madre Ma Mere Tinaquaie Le Bon Climat
What is the AVA of La Rinconada and Sanford and Benedict vineyards?
Sta. Rita Hills AVA
What is the AVA of Vogelzang Vineyard and McGinley Vineyard?
Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara AVA
Where does Sea Smoke make wine?
Sta. Rita Hills AVA
Where is Saxum located? What is their top vineyard?
Paso Robles
James Berry Vineyard
Where does Tablas Creek make wine? Palmina?
Tablas Creek makes wine in Paso Robles
Palmina makes wine in the Santa Ynez Valley
What are the 7 sub-AVAs of Lodi AVA?
Cosumnes River Alta Mesa Sloughhouse Borden Ranch Jahant Mokelumne River Clements Hills
What is the AVA of the Pisoni and Las Alturas vineyards?
Santa Lucia Highlands AVA
What are the rivers on Fronsac’s borders?
Dordogne and the Isle
What is Dunder?
Dunder is the liquid left in a boiler after distilling a batch of rum. It is a traditional flavor source used in the fermentation of the wash of Jamaican rum. Similar in process to Sour mash in Bourbon production.
What is a bonne chauffe?
Bonne chauffe refers to Cognac production and is the second distillation of the watch that is made up of the heads, the heart, the second cuts, and the tails.
What are the 5 communes of Sauternes from North to South?
Barsac Preignac Bommes Fargues Sauternes
What is a Clavelin?
Traditional 62 cL bottle of Vin Jaune.
What is the largest AOC in Languedoc not named Languedoc AOC?
Corbières AOP
What are the 4 main communes of Chianti Classico? All are in Siena but one which is in Firenze, which is it?
Gaiole in Chianti, Radda in Chianti, Castellina in Chianti
Greve in Chianti is in Firenze
What are 6 AVAs of New York?
Finger Lakes Seneca Lake Cayuga Lake The Hamptons Long Island North Fork of Long Island Niagara Escarpment
What are the two rivers that converge in Sauternes making the climate suitable for Botrytis?
Garonne and the Ciron
What is Seyssel? What is Crépy?
Seyssel AOP is in Savoie and it is for sec and demi-sec still white made from Altesse, dry still white varietally-labeled Molette, and vin mousseaux blanc from Altesse, Chasselas, and Molette.
Crépy is a cru of Vin de Savoie for dry still white wine made mostly from Chasselas.
What are the 4 geographic designations for Côtes-du-Roussillon Villages?
Lesquerde
La Tour de France
Tautavel
Caramany
What is Picolit?
Friulian grape that is often used for the production of Passito style wines in the DOCGs Ramandolo DOCG and Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG
What is the sub zone of Colli-Orientali del Friuli Picolit? What is it a monopole of?
Cialla
Ronchi di Cialla
What are 5 Landwein regions for German IGP?
Ahrtaler (Ahr) Landwein der Ruwer (Ruwer) Pfalzer (Pfalz) Landwein der Mosel (Mosel) Altrheingauer (Rheingau) Nahegauer (Nahe)
What are the communes of Barbaresco? (4)
Barbaresco
Neive
Treiso
San Rocco Senodelvio
What is the difference between an Americano and a Negroni?
Americano doesn’t have gin. It’s just Campari, Sweet Vermouth, and Soda Water served over the ice with an orange slice.
Negroni is equal parts Gin, Sweet Vermouth, and Campari served over the ice with an orange peel.
What is a top Château in Listrac?
Château Fourcas Hosten
Château Fourcas Dupré
What is the meaning of Engarrafado?
Bottled
What are 5 top Single Quintas and their owners?
Quinta do Noval (AXA Millesimes) Quinta do Bomfim (Dow's) Quinta da Cavadinha (Warre's) Quinta de la Rosa (Bergqvist) makes good white port Quinta da Roêda (Croft) Quinta de Vargellas (Taylor-Fladgate)
What is Suze?
French liqueur flavored with gentian root grown in the mountains of France and Switzerland.
What is Parfait Amour?
Dark purple liqueur flavored with flower pedals, vanilla, almonds and orange peel.
What is Glayva?
Scotch-based liqueur flavored with tangerines, cinnamon, almonds, and honey.
What is Cynar?
Italian amaro produced from 13 different herbs and spices with artichoke being the main ingredient.
What is Cordial Médoc?
French liqueur that is Cognac-based, blended with Médoc wine distillate and flavored with over 15 fruits, spices, and herbs principally Orange form the island of Curaçao, vanilla, violets, and prunes.
What is in an Orange Blossom?
Orange Juice Grand Marnier Mandarin-flavored Vodka Orange Flower water Champagne
What’s in a Horse’s Neck?
Bourbon, Ginger Ale, Bitters. Served on ice with a lemon twist
What is St. Raphael?
The oldest French Quinquina in production today. Mistelle that is macerated with vanilla, cocoa, and orange peel.
What is Fondillon?
Oxidized red wine specialty of Alicante DO made from overripe Monastrell grapes that is aged for at least 10 years in wood prior to release.
What are 3 Traditional Appellations of Greece for Retsina?
Attica
Viotia
Evia
What are two wineries in Texas Hill Country AVA?
Texas Hills Vineyard
Fiesta Winery
What are 3 premiers crus of Pommard?
Clos des Epenots (Comte Armand monopole)
Bas Rugiens
Clos de la Commaraine (Monopole of Louis Jadot)
Les Arvelets
What town is the center of Cava in Penedes?
San Sadurní d’Anoia
What is the name of the wine growing region east of Auckland? (sub zone of Auckland)
Waiheke Island
What is the main grape variety of Naoussa?
Xinomavro
What are the 1er Cru Monopoles of the Côte de Beaune?
Marquis d’Angerville:
Clos des Ducs (Volnay)
Domaine de la Pousse d’Or: (Volnay)
Clos de la Bousse d’Or
Clos de Soixante Ouvres
Clos d’Audignac
Jadot:
Clos de la Commaraine (Pommard)
Clos des Ursules (Beaune)
Clos de la Barre (Volnay)
Comte Armande:
Clos des Epeneaux (Pommard)
Bouchard:
Clos de la Mousse (Beaune)
Drouhin:
Clos de la Mouches (Beaune)
What is Smaragd?
Level of ripeness in the Wachau. Used by the Vinea Wachau. Wines have a min KMV of 19 and a min abv of 12.5%
What are the 3 levels of ripeness in the Wachau? What are the KMW and min abv levels?
Steinfeder:
min 15 KMW; max 11.5% abv
Federspiel:
min 17 KMW; 11.5-12.5% abv
Smaragd:
min 19 KMW; min 12.5% abv
What Champagne Grands Crus were elevated in 1985?
Montagne de Reims:
Verzy
Côte de Blancs: Chouilly Oiry Oger Le Mesnil-sur-Oger
What is the name of the trellising system used in Jurançon?
“conduite en hautain”
vines are trained using the Guyot method several feet high to maximize sun exposure and to resist frost.
What is the town of Scharzhofberg?
Wiltingen (Saar)
What are the major villages of Ruwer?
Ruwer Eitelsabach Mertesdorf Kasel Waldrach Avelsbach
What are the AVAs of Long Island?
The North Fork of Long Island AVA
The Hamptons, Long Island AVA
What are the white wine appellations of Bergerac?
Côte de Bergerac Côte de Montravel Haut Montravel Saussignac Rosette Monbazillac
What are the styles produced in Monbazillac? Main grapes? Max Yield? Min Sugar levels for both styles?
Sweet white and white liquoreux from Sauvignon Blanc, Sémillon, Muscadelle, Sauvignon Gris
Max Yield: 30hl/ha
Sweet white: min 45g/L
Liquoreux: Min 85g/L
What are the French, German, Italian, and Hungarian synonyms for Botrytis?
French:
Pourriture Noble
German:
Edelfäule
Italian:
Muffa Nobile
Hungary:
Aszúsodás
What is Peronospera?
AKA Downy Mildew:
Caused by Plasmopara viticola. Affects the leaves on the vine causing them to fall off, inhibiting the vine from photosynthesizing.
What is the name of the Grosselagen for the whole of Saar?
Scharzberg
What is the Grosslagen for Ruwer? (2)
Grosslagenfrei
Romerlay
What is the famous wine from Styria?
Schilcher. A rosé specialty of the Westersteiermark DAC made from Blauer Wildbacher
What are the 6 AOPs of Jura?
Côte Jura AOP Arbois AOP L'Etoile AOP Macvin du Jura AOP Château Chalon AOP Crémant du Jura AOP
What is Ripasso?
Style of wine made in the Valpolicella Ripasso DOC that is a stepping stone style between Valpolicella and Amarone wherein a wine is repassed over the unpressed skins from a previous Amarone or Recioto fermentation and then refermented.
What is the requirement for Valpolicella Ripasso DOC regarding the volume produced?
Volume produced may not be more than double the volume of Recioto or Amarone obtained from the remaining must used in the Ripasso process.
