5. Sensation and Perception Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of sensation?

A

process by which we receive information from the world around us

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2
Q

What is the definition of perception?

A

act of organizing, assimilating, and interpreting the sensory input into useful information

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3
Q

What are exteroreceptors?

A

sensory receptors that detect stimuli from the external environment

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4
Q

What are interoceptors?

A

sensory receptors that detect stimuli from the internal environment

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5
Q

What are the different types of receptors?

A

mechanoreceptors
chemoreceptors
nociceptors
thermoreceptors
electromagnetic receptors

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6
Q

What are mechanoreceptors?

A

receptors that respond to mechanical disturbances

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7
Q

What are chemoreceptors?

A

receptors that respond to particular chemicals

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8
Q

What are nociceptors?

A

pain receptors

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9
Q

What are thermoreceptors?

A

receptors that are stimulated by changes in temperature

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10
Q

What are electromagnetic receptors?

A

stimulated by electromagnetic waves

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11
Q

What are the four properties that need to be communicated to the CNS?

A

location
modality
intensity
duration

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12
Q

What is a description of each of the four properties that need to be communicated to the CNS

A

modality = type of stimulus
location = communicated by the receptive field of the sensory receptor sending the signal
intensity = coded by the frequency of action potentials
duration = may or may not be encoded explicitly

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13
Q

What is adaptation in regards to the nervous system?

A

decrease in the firing frequency wjem the intensity of a stimulus remains constant

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14
Q

What are proprioceptors?

A

broad category of receptors that help enable awareness of self

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15
Q

What is gustation?

A

taste

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16
Q

What is olfaction?

A

smell

17
Q

What are the five flavors that gustation can distinguish?

A

sweet = glucose
salty = sodium
bitter = basic
sour = acidic
umami = amino acids and nucleotides

18
Q

What is the outer ear comprised of?

A

auricle/pinna and the external auditory canal

19
Q

What is the middle ear comprised of?

A

ossicles, malleus, incus, and stapes

20
Q

What is the inner ear comprised of?

A

cochlea, semicircular canals, utricle, and saccule

21
Q

What is the organ of Corti?

A

basilar membrane, hair cells, and tectorial membrane

22
Q

What is pitch?

A

frequency of sound