1. Neuronal Structure and Function Part 2

Question 1

What are glial cells?

Answer 1

specialized, non-neuronal cells that provide structural and metabolic support to neurons

Question 2

What is the function of Schwann cells?

Answer 2

form myelin

Question 3

What is the function of oligodendrocytes?

Answer 3

form myelin

Question 4

What is the function of astrocytes?

Answer 4

guide neuronal development and regulate synaptic communication via regulation of neurotransmitter levels

Question 5

What is the function of microglia?

Answer 5

remove dead cells and debris

Question 6

What is the function of ependymal cells?

Answer 6

produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid

Question 7

What is equilibrium potential?

Answer 7

membrane potential at which the dirving force does not exist; there is no net movement of ions across the membrane

Question 8

What equation can be used to predict the equilibrium potential for an ion?

Answer 8

Nernst equation

Question 9

What is the refractory period?

Answer 9

time required once one action potential passes through an axon before another can pass through

Question 10

What are the two refractory periods?

Answer 10

absolute refractory period
relative refractory period

Question 11

What is the absolute refractory period?

Answer 11

neuron will not fire another action potential no matter how strong a membrane depolarization is induced

Question 12

What is the relative refractory period?

Answer 12

neuron can be induced to transmit and action potential but the depolarization required is greater than normal because the membrane is hyperpolarized