5 - Plaque and Microbiology

Question 1

Can AA be transferred within the mouth?

Answer 1

CHRISTERSSON

LAP patients, AA transferred to different sites by periodontal probe but generally did not remain beyond 3 weeks in healthy sites

Question 2

Can AA/PG be transmitted horizontally? Vertically?

Answer 2

VAN WINKELHOFF

Horizontal transmission between 200-75% of spouses

Vertical transmission 30%

Question 3

What AA serotype is most prevalent?

Answer 3

YANG

Serotype B most common in GAP, ChP similar A/B/C

B most common overall (38%)

Question 4

Is AA found in ChP?

Answer 4

EBERSOLE

At sites with greater PD/BOP/CAL. More antibodies at these sites

1M and incisors

Question 5

What may differentiate good responders from poor responders?

Answer 5

COLOMBO

CAL gain or loss and sites w/ 3mm CAL

Smokers, plaque, periodontal pathogens (PG, TF, Prevotella)

Question 6

Time points in experimental gingivitis

Answer 6

LOE

10-21 days develop gingivitis

Resolve in 1 week

Question 7

What affects risk for root caries in ChP patients?

Answer 7

RAVALD

History of root caries

Dietary habits

Lactobacillus, S. mutans

MATTILA - More caries in those w/ ChP. Increase caries w/ more PD >4mm

Question 8

What is the plaque free zone?

Answer 8

CARNEIRO

Area between attachment and plaque border. Area for leukocytes?

Question 9

How do genetics play a role in ChP?

Answer 9

MICHALOWICZ

Monozygous and dizygous twins reared-together and apart. ChP = 1 site PD >5mm or AL >3mm

Concordance rates not significant. Differences between subgingival bacteria are due to environment

Nibali - SR, MAX 38% inheritability w/ twins. Family study 15%.

Question 10

What is the role of viruses in ChP?

Answer 10

ROTOLA

Gingival tissue may be a reservoir for HHV-7

EBV could be involved in etiology

CMV coinfection

Question 11

What makes up the red complex?

Answer 11

PG
TF
TD

Question 12

What makes up the orange complex?

Answer 12

F. nucleatum
PI
P nigrescens
Peptostreptococcus micros
Campylobacter rectus

Question 13

What makes up the green complex?

Answer 13

Eikenella corrodens
AA type A
Capnocytophaga

Question 14

What makes up the yellow complex?

Answer 14

Streptococcus

Question 15

What makes up the purple complex?

Answer 15

Actinomyces

Veillonella parvula

Question 16

What is the relationship between red and orange?

Answer 16

RED increase as PD and BOP increased
No RED, shallowest PD
Orange precedes red

Question 17

How are bacteria distributed on oral surfaces?

Answer 17

MAGER

Saliva/tongue
Remaining soft tissue surfaces

Supra/subgingival plaque different from those 2

Question 18

How does gingivitis differ in mixed/decidous, and permanent dentition?

Answer 18

RAMBERG

When withholding oral hygiene, deciduous with less plaque, gingivitis, and GCF flow

Hormones in teens?

Question 19

Describe the bacterial flora of HIV+ ChP patients

Answer 19

MOORE

Same in HIV-/+ with ChP except increased Mycoplasma salivarium in HIV+

Question 20

How does HIV viral load affect the subgingival microbiome?

Answer 20

PEREIRA

High viral load w/ greater P nigrescens, E. corrodens, and C. gingivalis

NO difference in periodontal parameters

Question 21

What are the zones in ANUG?

Answer 21

Bacterial
Neutrophil (spirochetes present)
Necrotic (spirochetes w/ necrotic debris)
Spirochete - epithelium/CT at 300uM from non-necrotic surface of ulcer

LISTGARTEN