5) ESTERS, FATS & OILS Flashcards
What are esters made from
Carboxylic acid and alcohol
What type of reaction is making an esters
Condensation
What do you get when you break up an ester
Carboxylic acid and alcohol
What type of reaction is breaking up an ester
Hydrolysis
Is making an ester reversible or non reversible
Reversible
What is used to keep an ester from breaking up
A strong acid catalyst such as concentrated sulphuric acid
Where do the OH and H come from in the formation of an ester
OH from Carboxylic acid
H from alcohol
What else is given out during the formation of an ester
Water
What type of catalyst is used in the hydrolysis of an ester
An alkali catalyst such as sodium hydroxide solution
Uses of esters
Flavourings:
Fruits, artificial flavours
Fragrances:
Perfumes, deodorants
Non polar solvents:
Nail polish remover
Medicine:
Antibiotics
What are fats and oils
Esters
How are fats an oils formed
When 3 fatty acids join with glycerol in a condensation reaction
Where does the H and OH come from in the formation of an ester
OH from glycerol
H from acid
What is else is formed in the formation of an fat or oil
Water
Why are fats solid at room temperature where as oils are liquids
- Fats don’t have double bonds.
- As there are no links in the structure the fat can pack closely together.
- This causes stronger LDF’s between fat molecules.
- Stronger LDF’s means more energy to separate which results in a higher MP
- Oils have double bonds.
- The double bonds causes links in the structure of the oil.
- The oil molecules therefore cannot pack as closely together causing weaker LDF’s between oil molecules.
- Lower LDF’s means less energy to separate which results in a lower MP
Mention: Double bonds Kinks Packing LDF's Energy to separate Melting points
