3) BONDING, STRUCTURE & PROPERTIES

Question 1

How do you know when a bond is covalent

Answer 1

Difference in electronegativities

Question 2

How do you know when a bond is polar

Answer 2

Difference in electronegativities between and including 0.5 and 1.5

Question 3

How do you know when a bond is ionic

Answer 3

Differnce in electronegativities > 1.5

Question 4

What is pure covalent

Answer 4

The bonding atoms have the same electronegativities so share electrons equally

Question 5

Name the bonding, structure and properties of a monatomic atom

Answer 5

Bonding:

None
(Actually have LDF’s)

Structure:

Monatomic
(Separate atoms)

Properties:

• Non conductors as no charged particles
• Very low MP and BP as you are only breaking weak LDF’s l

Question 6

Name the bonding, structure and properties of a covalent molecule

Answer 6

Bonding:
Covalent

Structure:
Molecular

Properties:

• non conductor as no charged particles
• low MP and BP as only separating weak LDF’s between molecules

Question 7

Name the bonding, structure and properties of a a giant covalent network

Answer 7

Bonding:
Covalent

Structure:
Giant network

Properties:

• Non conductor as no charged particles
• very higher MP & BP as millions of strong covalent bonds to break

Only carbon in the form of graphite can conduct because of it has charged free moving particles

Question 8

Name the bonding, structure and properties of an ionic lattice

Answer 8

Bonding:
Ionic

Structure:
Giant lattice

Properties:
•Conducts as liquid(molten) or in solution(dissolved)
This is because + and - ions are free to move around when in liquid or solution

•High MP & BP as millions of strong ionic bonds to break

Question 9

Name the bonding, structure and properties of a metallic lattice

Answer 9

Bonding:
Metallic

Structure:
Giant lattice

Properties:
•conducts as liquid or solid (not solution cannot dissolve)
This is because the electrons are delocalised

•high MP and BP as there are million of strong bonds to break

Question 10

What are intermolecular forces and name the types

Answer 10

The forces of attraction between molecules molecules

• LDF’s
• Permanent-dipole to Permanent-dipole
• ‘hydrogen

Question 11

What a causes LDF’s

Answer 11

Uneven distribution of electrons within an molecules

Question 12

What type of bonding is present in:

Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Beryllium
Magnesium 
Calcium

Answer 12

Metallic bonding

Question 13

What type of bonding is present in:

Boron
Carbon
Silicon

Answer 13

Covalent network

Question 14

What type of bonding is present in:

Phosphorus
Sulphur

Answer 14

Covalent solids

Question 15

What type of bonding is present in:

Nitrogen
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Fluorine
Chlorine

Answer 15

(Covalent gases)

Diatomic molecules

Question 16

What type of bonding is present in:

Helium
Neon
Argon

Answer 16

Monatomic elements