5- Affection, Immediacy and Social Support Flashcards
Define: Closeness
Physical: sharing spacial proximity and physical contact
Emotional: having a sense of shared experiences, trust, enjoyment, concern and caring
Relational: having strong, enduring and diverse forms of interdependence
Define: Communication of closeness
Affectionate:
behaviour that communicates feelings of fondness and positive regard
Immediacy:
behaviour that increases physical and emotional closeness, signals warmth and promotes involvement
Social support:
verbal/non-verbal behaviour produced with the intention of providing assistance to others; communicating concern and caring
Define: Principles of Affection Exchange Theory
- Affection facilitates survival because it develops relationships and provides important resources
- People who display affection are more likely to be perceived to have good parenting skills; attracting mates
- People are more likely to be affectionate to people who meet their viability (survival) and fertility (reproduction) needs
Define: Expressing affection
Direct verbal:
- “I love you”
- Compliments, praise
- Self-disclosure
Direct non verbal:
- Smiling
- Eye contact
- Laughter
- Tone
Indirect non verbal:
- Signals eg. touching nose
- Emotional support
Define: Relational currencies
- Verbal and non-verbal messages that carry meaning about the caring dimension of human relationships
- People value different relational currencies differently and show their love using different ones
Example: Relational currencies
x 6
- Food
- Money
- Gifts
- Touch
- Listening
- Time
Define: Immediacy Behaviour
Verbal
- AKA positive involvement
- Verbal = active word choice, forms of address, depth of disclosure and relationship indicators (eg. pet names)
Example: Immediacy Behaviour
Non-Verbal
Oculesic behaviours:
- Eye contact and pupil dilation
Spatial/proxemic:
- Distance
- Height
- Body angle
Haptics:
- Touch
- Hugs, kisses and face touches
Kinesics:
- Nodding
- Smiling
Vocalic:
- Pitch
- Amplitude
- Vocal warmth
Chronemics:
- Spending time together
- Waiting and being on time
Example: Social support
x 5
- Emotional:
- Care, concern and empathy - Esteem
- Making people feel valued, admired and capable - Informational
- Giving advice and info that may solve a problem - Tangible
- Providing physical assistance, goods or services - Network
- Directing someone to a person or group who can help them
Define: Invisible vs visible support
Invisible:
- Tries that go unnoticed are highly effective in reducing distress
- Especially effective when they validate the distressed person
Visible:
- Ineffective when they imply the recipient is incompetent
Define: Person centred messages
- Highly person centred:
- Chance to engage with feelings - Moderatley person centred:
- Simple explanation and no room for expansion - Low person centred:
- Denies legitimacy
Example: Non-verbal immediacy support behaviours
- Hugs
- Close proxemic distancing
- Facial expression
- Attentiveness
- Increased miscellaneous touch
- Pats
- Eye contact