5

Question 1

Stereotypies

Answer 1

Repetitive movements or sounds (nervous coughsm flapping hands…) –> normal up to the age of 5

Question 2

Stimming

Answer 2

self-stimulatory behaviours and may present as back and forth rocking, twirling of flapping the hands. Diff from stereotypies because its specific for autism. It’s a type of sterotypie.

Question 3

Neurotypical

Answer 3

Term used to describe people outside the autism spectrum

Question 4

Activities for daily living

Answer 4

1. Personal hygiene – bathing/showering, grooming, nail care, and oral care
2. Dressing - the ability to make appropriate clothing decisions and physically dress/undress oneself
3. Eating - the ability to feed oneself, though not necessarily the capability to prepare food
4. Maintaining continence toilet themselves independently
5. Transferring/Mobility- moving oneself from seated to standing, getting in and out of bed, and the ability to walk independently from one location to another

Question 5

Prevalence

Answer 5

number of people affected by a specific condition/disorder per 100,000 people (can also be a fraction or percentage)

1% in general pop have autism

Question 6

Incidence

Answer 6

number of new cases within a defined period of time.

Question 7

3 key areas where autistic ppl have pb (symptoms)

Answer 7

1. Social Interaction
   - difficulty ‘reading’ other people: recognizing emotionsor expressing their own
   - may appear insensitive, lonely or behave ‘strangely’or socially inappropriate
   - Repetitive behaviour and routines are comforting
   - Highly-focused interests
   - Sensory over/under sensitive
2. Social communication
   - difficulty interpreting non-/verbal language
   - may have limited verbal communication skills
3. Rigidity of thinking and difficulties with social
   imagination
   - Insistence on sameness
   - Difficulty with unwritten rules, broken rules

Question 8

Causes of ASD

Answer 8

• Different brain structure and function
• Hereditary/ genetics (bs no one gene)
• Environmental causes

Question 9

Diagnosis of autism

Answer 9

• MDT:
Speech and language therapist
• Pediatrician referral bs they wouldn’t be making the diagnosis
• Psychiatrist/psychologist assessment

Question 10

Screening tools for autism

Answer 10

• DSM and ICD-10 criteria –
• DISCO (Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders)
• ADI-R (Autism Diagnostic Interview - Revised)
• ADOS (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule)

Question 11

adjustments that can be made

Answer 11

Workplace:
Recruitment: clear job description, pre-interview visit, less formal interview techniques

Question 12

What is anorexia nervosa

Answer 12

Serious mental illness resulting in low body weight due to limited energy intake & sometimes excessive exercising.

Question 13

causes of anorexia nervosa

Answer 13

Psychological factors–low self-esteem, altered body image (contributing factors–depression, perfectionism, self-harm, anxiety)

Question 14

Sx and signs of anorexia nervosa

Answer 14

Hiding feeding habits
Counting calories, avoid eating with others
Preference to make separate meals or not eat what others are having
Languna: excsiive fine hair To preserve body heat

Question 15

Tx for anorexia

Answer 15

• Mostly based on talking therapies to develop a healthier attitude towards food.
• Cognitive analytical therapy (CAT)
• Combination of analytical and psychotherapeutic interventions
Reformulation
Recognition
revision
• Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)
• Family therapy
Family control of eating- famioly support child in eating again
Patient control of eating
Prevention of relapse
• In-patient treatment for poor physical health
• Maudsley Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults (MANTRA).

Question 16

link between autism and anorexia

Answer 16

• Women with ASD are at greater risk of developing anorexia• 20% of women treated for anorexia have some features of ASD

Question 17

Tx autism

Answer 17

Behavioral management therapy.
Cognitive behavior therapy.
Early intervention.
Educational and school-based therapies.
Joint attention therapy.
Medication treatment.
Nutritional therapy.
Occupational therapy.