13 Flashcards
what’s the autonomic nervous system
automatic involuntary
what’s the somatic nervous system
voluntary movement
what’s the percentage of nervous system cells that are glia and neurones
90% glia
10% neurones
what is the function of glial cells
to support neuronal cells
what are the glial cells in the CNS and their functions
Astrocytes: 1 cell body, controls a lot of process (glucose..) to control env around neuron
Oligodendrocytes: makes myelin in CNS
Microglia: immune cells, normally quiescent but gobble bacteria upon infection
Ependymal cells: form a barrier between CSF and interstitial fluid.
what are the glial cells in the PNS and their functions
Satellite cells: They compose the thin cellular sheaths that surround the neurons in the sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia.
Schwann cells: makes myelin in PNS
what is anastomosis
The divergence of things that would normally be separated (ie, blood vessels joining together).
what is the name of the circuit that neuters brain perfusion
circle of willis
what is the function of the CSF
protects brain
reduces its weight
allows it to float
name the meaning layers
Dura: Attached to the skull.
outer layer: fibrous, tough
Inner layer: folds between 2 hemispheres of the brain making superficial sagitta sinus.
Arachnoid mater: much finer
Subarachnoid space: contains CSF
Pia mater: attached to the brain
What is the cerebral cortex made of
Outer layer is made of 1.5-5cm thick GREY MATTER (Cell bodies, NO myelin)
Inner layer WHITE MATTER (myelinated axons) ie, Corpus collosum which shares info between left and right side,
Nuclei: deep and in brainstem (collection of cell bodies, relay stations for information going to and from cortex) ie, Thalamus (major relay station, takes info in ans sends it to where it should go.
what components make up the brainstem
Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata
Where fo all 23 pairs of cranial nerves exit from
the brainstem
what is the function of the brainstem
Provides main motor and sensory innervation to the face and neck (cranial nerves III-XII)
Integrative functions (reticular formation)
Conductive functions (ascending and descending tracts carry information to and from the cortex to the periphery).
the autonomic nervous system requires 4 cranial nerve to do its job. name them
CN III (3): pupil size and lens focusing
CN VII (7): saliva and tear production
CN IX (9): Saliva production
CN X(10): (vagus nerve): just about everything else (90% of parasympathetic nervous system.) for example controls heart rate, digestion, lungs…
