4b Skin & Urinary

Question 1

The integumentary system includes which body parts?

Answer 1

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, glands, hair, and nails

Question 2

The glands in the integumentary system are

Answer 2

eccrine & apocrine

Question 3

Main components of uninary system

Answer 3

kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

Question 4

Parts of bladder: detrusor muscle

Answer 4

makes up WALL of bladder

Question 5

Parts of bladder: rugae

Answer 5

the FOLDS in LINING of bladder

Question 6

Parts of bladder: the trigone

Answer 6

triangular-shaped opening

Question 7

Urethral sphincters

Answer 7

an internal (involuntarY) and an external(voluntary) sprincter

Question 8

Kidney anatomy: RENAL CORTEX

Answer 8

outer region of kidney

Question 9

Kidney anatomy: REMAL MEDULLA

Answer 9

inner region

Question 10

Kidney anatomy: RENAL PYRAMIDS

Answer 10

cone shaped tubes that transport urine away from cortex (outer region)

Question 11

Kidney anatomy: MINOR CALYX

Answer 11

COLLECTS URINE that leave the renal pyramid

Question 12

Kidney anatomy: MAJOR CALYX

Answer 12

JOINS 2 or 3 minors calyces (collectors)

Question 13

Kidney anatomy: RENAL PELVIS

Answer 13

convergence of major calyces (continues as the URETER)

Question 14

Renal ARTERY

Answer 14

brings blood (away from the heart) TO THE KIDNEYS

Question 15

Renal VEIN

Answer 15

brings blood (to the heart) AWAY FROM THE KIDNEY

Question 16

Renal circulation: NEPHRON

Answer 16

filtration of kidney

Question 17

Renal circulation: AFFERENT ARTERIOLE

Answer 17

larger ARTERIES that supply blood INTO nephron

Question 18

Renal circulation:GLOMERULUS

Answer 18

cluster of capillaries enclosed by Boman’s capsule

Question 19

Renal circulation: EFFERENT arteriole

Answer 19

Velles take blood FROM (OUT OF) glomerulus to pertibular capillaries

Question 20

Renal circulation: PeriTUBULAR

Answer 20

pick up water and solutes reabsorbed by renal tubules

Question 21

Renal circulation: Bowman’s capsule

Answer 21

2 layers of epithelial cells that surrround the glomerulus

Question 22

Renin-angiotensis-aldosterone system

Answer 22

helps maintain BLOOD PRESSURE

Question 23

Tubular REABSOPTION

Answer 23

chemicals are REMOVED and returned to blood

Question 24

Tubular SECRETION

Answer 24

chemicals are ADDED to the filtrate

Question 25

Antidiueretic hormone (ADH) - to INCREASE blood pressure

Answer 25

a hormone that causes WATER to be REABORBED

Question 26

aldosterone = to INCREASE blood pressure

Answer 26

hormon that causes SALT & WATER to be reabsorbed (and POTASSIUM to be secreted)

Question 27

Atrial natriuretic peptipe - to DECREASE blood pressure

Answer 27

causes SALT & WATER to be secreted

Question 28

Parathyroid hormone - to INCREASE BLOOD CALCIUM

Answer 28

causes CALCIUM to be reabsorbed and PHOSPHATE to be excreted

Question 29

HYPVOLEMIA

Answer 29

volume depletion resulting from blood loss (i.e. when sodium and water are lost)

Question 30

DEHYDRATION

Answer 30

when body eliminates more water than sodium

Question 31

SODIUM’s ROLE IN BODY

Answer 31

(1) determines VOLUME of TOTAL BODY WATER (and how water is distributed)
(2) plays role in DEPOLORIZATION

Question 32

POTASSIUM’s ROLE IN BODY

Answer 32

main electrolyte; works with sodium for nerve and muscle function

Question 33

CALCIUM’s ROLE in BODY

Answer 33

strenghten bone

Question 34

CHLORIDE’s ROLE in BODY

Answer 34

forms stomach acid; regulates fluid and PH

Question 35

PHOSPHATE’s ROLE In BODY

Answer 35

helps with metabolism, bones, PH balance

Question 36

ACID vs BASE

Answer 36

Acid RELEASES hydrogen ions
Base ACCEPTS hydrogen ions

Question 37

CHEMICAL Buffer in regulating acid-base balance

Answer 37

binds to hydrogen ions to alter balance

Question 38

PHYSIOLOGICAL Buffer in regulating acid-base balance

Answer 38

uses repiratory & urinary stystem to alter balance