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Italy > 4b > Flashcards

4b Flashcards

1
Q

What were aims of women in society

A

1919-offer a wider, more responsible role, means of distributing propaganda, increase Italy’s population from 37m in 1920 to 60m by 1950, make Italy great, provide soldiers

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2
Q

What were the aims of youth in society

A

Control all children in Fascist organisations, indoctrinate the young to become true Fascists, prepare Italians for war, make teachers loyal servants to the regime, Mussolini “must educate the youth to understand Fascism”

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3
Q

What were the aims of leisure activities in Fascist society

A

Shake Italians out of their smug ‘bourgeois mentality’, take more vigorous Fascist approach to life

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4
Q

When was the Battle for births introduced

A

1927

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5
Q

What was the ideal number of children per family

A

12

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6
Q

How much was raised from bachelors paying heavy taxes

A

230m

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7
Q

What % did women in university increase by

A

6% in 1914 to 15% in 1938

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8
Q

How many members of Fascist women were there

A

500,000

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9
Q

When did Fascist dominated Parliament five women the vote in local elections

A

1925

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10
Q

What did illiteracy rates in schools decrease by

A

1921 27%, 1931 21%, 1936 17%

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11
Q

What were the numbers of university students

A

1921 54,000 (declined until 1934) 1942 165,000

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12
Q

When did Mussolini order a purge of teachers and lecturers who did not support Fascism and when were teachers forced to join the PNF

A

1925 and 1933

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13
Q

When the Ministry of Education revised the curriculum to reflect Fascist values what fraction of textbooks were banned in 1926

A

1/3

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14
Q

When were all secondary children required to take an exam on achievements of Fascism

A

1937

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15
Q

How many members were there in the ONB youth movements set up in 1937

A

7m members of 8-21 year olds

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16
Q

How many estimated attended summer camps for two weeks

A

700,000

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17
Q

How many participants were there in the week long Campo Dux in Rome

A

Tens of thousands

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18
Q

When was the Dopolavoro set up

A

1925

19
Q

What did the Dopolavoro set up

A

1,350 theatres, 2,000 dramatic societies, 3,000 brass bands, 8,000 libraries

20
Q

What did membership increase from in the Dopolavoro

A

300,000 in 1926 to 2.4m in 1935 - 20% of industrial workforce and 7% peasantry

21
Q

How much did written off loans to newly married couples cost the state

A

89m by 1939

22
Q

How many births per 1,000 women of child-bearing age were there in 1936 and 1911

A

1911 147.5; 1936 102.7

23
Q

When were women excluded from certain teaching jobs

A

1920s

24
Q

When did the state impose a 10% tax on state jobs

A

1933

25
Q

When was the total number of women working in Civil Service reduced to 10%

A

1938

26
Q

When did the population increase to in 1940 and 1950

A

45m and 47.5m

27
Q

What did attendance drop by in the first 4 years

A

100,000

28
Q

When were 60% of northern youth members of Fascist organisations

A

1929

29
Q

What was introduced in 1939 to link schools and PNF more closely

A

New School Charter

30
Q

When was the Fascist salute a compulsory replacement for a handshake

A

1937

31
Q

What were Italians told to stop using (polite) and start using (Italian)

A

lei and voi

32
Q

When were 5/7 plays in Rome comedies or farces

A

1938

33
Q

What were the aims between the Fascist regime and the Church

A

Compromise to gain good relations, gain support of Catholic followers

34
Q

When did the Pope withdraw support from the Popolari

A

1923

35
Q

When did the Church have active support of the state

A

1929 Lateran Agreements

36
Q

What was agreed in the Lateran Agreements

A

Pope recognise Italian state and possession of Rome and old Papal States; return state recognised Pope’s control over Vatican City and received financial compensation of £30m

37
Q

What established Catholicism as a state religion

A

Concordat

38
Q

What did the Campo Dux meeting end with for the Duce in 1938

A

Prayer

39
Q

When did the government attempt to suppress the Church by sponsoring Catholic Action

A

1931

40
Q

What did senior clergy see Italian involvement in Ethiopian and Spanish wars as

A

Christian Crusades

41
Q

When did tensions surface over anti-Semitism

A

1938

42
Q

When was the Alliance between Catholicism and Fascism over

A

1939

43
Q

How long was Mussolini in charge for

A

21 years

Italy (21 decks)

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