4910: C11 Pharmacology

Question 1

biotransformation

Answer 1

modification of a drug through metabolism. Renders the drug inactive so it may be excreted via urine or bile.

Question 2

buccal

Answer 2

refers to placement of a drug in the cheek

Question 3

complementary & alternative medicine (CAM)

Answer 3

A collective term

Question 4

complementary medicine

Answer 4

Unconventional modalities used by clients in addition to conventional biomedicine; may involve practitioner, but often self-prescribed

Question 5

alternative medicine

Answer 5

Unconventional therapeutic systems used by clients in place of or parallel to conventional biomedicine; typically administered by trained practitioner.

Question 6

creatinine clearance

Answer 6

rate at which creatinine is filtered through the kidney; often used as a measure of kidney function. Alterst the effectiveness of medications.

Question 7

cyclosporine

Answer 7

immunosuppressant medication that is often prescribed after organ transplant

Question 8

CYP 3A 4

Answer 8

a specific cytochrome enzyme involved in drug metabolism.

Question 9

cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes (CP450)

Answer 9

family of enzyme systems responsible for drug metabolism.

Question 10

digoxin

Answer 10

cardiac glycoside that is prescribed to alter the contractions of the heart

Question 11

excipients

Answer 11

those substances added to formulations of medications, such as color or coating agents.

Question 12

gentamycin

Answer 12

an antibiotic

Question 13

H2 blockers

Answer 13

medications that interrupt the production of acid in the stomach.

Question 14

inhalation

Answer 14

refers to placement of a drug so that it is breathed into the respiratory system.

Question 15

intra-dermal (ID)

Answer 15

refers to injection under the outermost layer of the skin.

Question 16

intra-peritoneal (IP)

Answer 16

refers to injection into the body’s peritoneal cavity

Question 17

intra-thecal

Answer 17

refers to injection of a drug into the membrane surrounding the central nervous system.

Question 18

monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors

Answer 18

group of medications that block the enzyme system that inactivates some neurotransmitters.

Question 19

opeprazole

Answer 19

a type of proton pump inhibitor used to treat GERD and peptic ulcer disease. Impairs B12 absorption.

Question 20

otic

Answer 20

refers to placement of a drug into the ear

Question 21

parenteral

Answer 21

refers to injection into the body’s circulatory system through a blood vessel.

Question 22

pharmacokinetics

Answer 22

study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, & excretion.

Question 23

pressor agents

Answer 23

substances that cause blood pressure to increase

Question 24

prokinetics

Answer 24

medication that increase peristalsis

Question 25

protease inhibitor

Answer 25

a medication that prevents protein replication; a common class of drug that is used to prevent human immunodeficiency virus replication.

Question 26

statin

Answer 26

a type of medication that is used to treat hyperlipidemia

Question 27

dissolution

Answer 27

Dissolving of the medication has to occur before absorption is successful.

Question 28

Solubility of a medications determines?

Answer 28

Where in the GI tract it is absorbed.

Question 29

What mineral’s absorption is reduced by Proton Pump Inhibitors?

Answer 29

Calcium. Calcium is best absorbed in an acidic environment.

Question 30

Polypharmacy

Answer 30

Often associated with the elderly. Administration of excessive drugs at one time or concurrent use of a large number of drugs, which increases the risk of interactions.

Question 31

Adverse drug reaction (ADR)

Answer 31

Any harmful, unintentional drug reactions that take place at customarily prescribed doses.