Chapter 16 - Psychological Disorders

Question 1

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Answer 1

A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity.

Question 2

medical model

Answer 2

The concept that diseases have physical causes they can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured. When applied to psychological disorders, the medical model assumes that these mental illnesses can be diagnosed on the basis of their symptoms and cured through therapy, which may include treatment in a psychiatric hospital

Question 3

dsm-IV

Answer 3

The American psychiatric Association’s diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (fourth edition), a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders. Presently distributed an updated “text revision”

Question 4

anxiety disorder

Answer 4

psychological disorder characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behavior that reduces anxiety

Question 5

generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 5

an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and a in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal

Question 6

panic disorder

Answer 6

anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations

Question 7

phobia

Answer 7

an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation

Question 8

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Answer 8

an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions).

Question 9

post-traumatic stress disorder

Answer 9

an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after traumatic experience

Question 10

dissociative disorders

Answer 10

disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

Question 11

dissociative identity disorder

Answer 11

A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder

Question 12

mood disorders

Answer 12

psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. see major depressive disorder, mania, and bipolar disorder

Question 13

major depressive disorder

Answer 13

mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities

Question 14

mania

Answer 14

mood disorder marked by hyperactive, wildly optimistic state

Question 15

bipolar disorder

Answer 15

mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and over excited state of mania

Question 16

schizophrenia

Answer 16

A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions

Question 17

delusions

Answer 17

false believes, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders

Question 18

personality disorders

Answer 18

psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

Question 19

antisocial personality disorder

Answer 19

A personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist

Question 20

Psychological disorder

Answer 20

deviant, stressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns