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Nursing School > 462 Exam 1: REV2 > Flashcards

462 Exam 1: REV2 Flashcards

1
Q

1 tablespoon = (mLs)

A

15

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2
Q

Diseases Associated with the effects of Aging

A
  • Obesity
  • Diabetes,
  • Hypertension
  • Cancer
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3
Q

This is manifested by a withdrawal syndrome that occurs when blood levels of the drug are abruptly decreased

A

Physical Dependence

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4
Q

This is a condition characterized by aberrant behaviors arising from a drive to obtain and take substances for reasons other than the prescribed therapeutic value.

A

Tolerance

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5
Q

Which nursing intervention is most appropriate when preparing to administer an opioid analgesic agent?

A

Count the number of doses on hand before administration.

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6
Q

What is common for those with self concept deficits?

A

difficulty making decisions

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7
Q

When caring for an 87-year-old patient, the nurse needs to understand that which of the following most directly influences the patient’s current self-concept:

A

Adjustment to role change, loss of loved ones, and physical energy

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8
Q

A patient with a cardiac history is taking the diuretic furosemide (Lasix) and is seen in the emergency department for muscle weakness. Which laboratory value do you assess first?

A

Serum potassium

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9
Q

What is a defining characteristics is consistent with fluid volume deficit?

A

Dry mucous membranes, thready pulse, tachycardia

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10
Q

Excessive or too-rapid infusion of 0.9% NaCl (normal saline) causes

A
  • extracellular fluid volume (ECV)
  • excess with pulmonary vessel congestion
  • pulmonary edema
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11
Q

When is assessment of muscle strength important?

A

potassium imbalances

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12
Q

While receiving a blood transfusion, your patient develops chills, tachycardia, and flushing. What is your priority action?

A

Stop the transfusion

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13
Q

How do you calculate volume for ice chips

A

1/2

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14
Q

requires the integration of mental and muscular activity

A

psychomotor

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15
Q

A patient who is hospitalized has just been diagnosed with diabetes. He is going to need to learn how to give himself injections. Which teaching method does the nurse use?

A

Demonstration, to help w/ psychomotor skills

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16
Q

A nurse is teaching a 27-year-old gentleman how to adjust his insulin dosages based on his blood sugar results. What type of learning is this?

A

Cognitive

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17
Q

A postoperative patient is currently asleep. Therefore the nurse knows that:

A

The sedative administered may have helped him sleep, but assessment of pain is still needed.

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18
Q

Normal Value for Sodium

A

135 - 147 mEq/L

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19
Q

Normal Value for Potassium

A

3.5 - 5 mEq/L

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20
Q

Normal Value for Chloride

A

95 - 107 mEq/L

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21
Q

Glucose Value 2 hours after eating

A

Up to 140

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22
Q

A normal fasting (no food for eight hours) blood sugar level is

A

between 70 and 99 mg/dL

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23
Q

Hemaglobin Female

A

12.0 - 15.0

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24
Q

Hematocrit (%)

A

38-47.7

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25
Q

WBC

A

5,000 - 10,000

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26
Q

Platelets

A

150,000 - 300,000

(150 - 350)

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27
Q

the most accurate method for determining fluid balance

A

the patients weight

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28
Q

6 Rights of Medication Administration

A

Patients Make Drugs Red To Death

  1. Right Patient
  2. Right Medication
  3. Right Dose
  4. Right Route
  5. Right Time
  6. Right Documentation
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29
Q

What should the flow meter setting be for a nasal cannula?

A

1-6 liters/minute

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30
Q

What should teh F102% be for a nasal cannula

A

24 - 44%

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31
Q

What should the flow meter setting be for a non-rebreather mask?

A

15 liters/minute

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32
Q

What percent should the F102 be for a non rebreather mask

A

60-90%

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33
Q

What assessment should the nurse provide prior to oxygen administration? x5

A
  • oxygen saturation
  • sputum production
  • auscultate lugs
  • respiratory rate
  • check dr order
  • 2 identifiers
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34
Q

What are the 3 safety checks before administering a medication

A
  1. Check labael against order
  2. Verify label against MAR
  3. Check ID band against MAR
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35
Q

When do you deliver a PRN medication

A

as needed

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36
Q

when do you deliver a medication labeled “STAT”

A

immediately

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37
Q

When do you deliver a medication marked “now”

A

within the hour

38
Q

When do you deliver a medication marked “on call”

A

as requested by OR

39
Q

When do you deliver a medication marked A.C.

A

before a meal (think AM)

40
Q

When do you deliver a medication marked P.C.

A

after a meal

41
Q

How do you deliver an oral sublingual medication?

A

under the tongue

42
Q

How do you deliver an oral buccal medication

A

in contact with mucous membranes of the cheek

43
Q

Nurse assessments prior to delivering an inhaled medication

A
  • Respiration and breath sounds
  • Ask patient about subjective symptoms
  • Explain procedure to the patient
44
Q

What is the length of time between inhalation of the same medications

A

20-30 seconds

45
Q

The length of time to wait before administering different inhaled medications

A

2-5 minutes

46
Q

challenges for caregivers of family members suffering from chronic illnesses x5

A
  1. Prejudice
  2. lack of Education
  3. lack of Respite
  4. conflict of decisions
  5. financial
47
Q

What are 4 examples of Chronic Illness

A
  1. Diabetes
  2. COPD
  3. Parkinsons
  4. MS
48
Q

Name 4 examples of an acute illness?

A
  1. Pneumonia
  2. Delirium
  3. Shingles
  4. Apendicitis
49
Q

Name 3 types of Disabilities

A
  1. Body System
  2. Developmental
  3. Acquired (after your born)
50
Q

Signs (AEB) Hyperkalemia

A

MURDER

  • Muscle weakness
  • Urine, oliguria, anuria
  • Respiratory distress
  • Decreased cardiac contractility
  • EKG Changes, Peaked T Waves
  • Reflexes, hyper, or hypo
51
Q

Signs (AEB) Hypokalemia

A

6L’s

  1. Lethargy
  2. Lethat cardiac arrhthymia
  3. Leg cramps
  4. Limp Muscles
  5. Low, shallow respirations
  6. Less stool (constipation)
52
Q

Signs (AEB) of Hypernatremia

A

FRIED

  • Fever
  • Restless
  • Increase BP
  • Edema
  • Decreased Urinary Output
53
Q

What approach to take educating an older adult? x11

A
  • learner maximum control
  • slow pace
  • be aware of attention span
  • avoid distractions/environmental
  • involve family & caretakers
  • Sensory deprivation (large print)
  • Allow time to process
  • write instructions
  • concrete/specific
  • correct
  • praise
54
Q

Clinical Manifestations for Hypervolemia?

A
  • Pulse is bounding JVD
  • High BP
  • Tachypneic
  • dyspnea
  • crackles
  • headache, confusion, muscle spasms
  • Anorexia, weight gain, ascites
  • peripheral edema
55
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Hypocalcemia

A

CATS

Convulsions

Arrythmias

Tetany

Spasms/Stridor

56
Q

Think Sodium think..

A

neurological

57
Q

Think Potassium think….

58
Q

Vital Signs for Hypernatremia?

A
  • Tachycardia
  • Hyperthermia
  • Orthostatic hypotension
59
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Hypermagnesia

A

Opposite of HYPER

  • drowsy
  • nausea
  • depressed reflexes
  • respiratory depression
  • sleepy “somnolence”
60
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Hypomagnesia

A

OPPOSITE of HYPO

  • Increase nerve impulse
  • tremors
  • seisure
  • constipation
  • hyperactive
  • deep tendon reflex
61
Q

The average person should have how much urine output per hour?

A
  • 30mL per hour ***
62
Q

How do you replace potassium (hypokalemia)?

A
  • Never IV Push
  • Oral
  • Monitor I/O
  • Potatoes, Avocado, Banana
63
Q

Reasons for hypovolemia

A
  • ng drainage,
  • burns (3rd spacing),
  • dehydration,
  • shift of plasma into interstitial spaces,
  • peritonitis,
  • ascites (abdomen)
64
Q

Acute pain is directly related to…

A

tissue damage

65
Q

What type of symptoms are associated with acute pain

A

sympathetic nervous system responses

66
Q

this type of pain is highly resistant to treatment

A

intractable pain (chronic)

67
Q

pain associated with deep internal pain receptors?

A

Visceral Pain

68
Q

Pain in the bones, joints or muscles

A

somatic pain

69
Q

Pain identified as hot, stabbing, shooting, or numbing. Associated with damage to peripheral nerve or CNS

A

Neuropathic

70
Q

This type of pain can be described as referred and spreading

A

Radiating pain

71
Q

Pain perceived from a tissue that has been surgically removed

A

Phantom pain

72
Q

Diagnostics Tests for Pneumonia

A
  • chest xray
  • blood test
  • pulse oximetry
  • sputum test
73
Q

What is the phys assessment prior to meds? x7

A
  • vital signs
  • ability to swallow- gag reflex
  • GI motility
  • Muscle mass
  • Venous Access
  • Body sys assessment
  • right to refuse
74
Q

What are examples of nursing diagnoses related to med admin

A

anxiety, deficity of knowledge, impaired mobility, impaired swallowing, fall risk

75
Q

What are basic rules for administering medication x9

A
  • prep for ONE patient at a time
  • compare order with me davailable
  • calc drug dose
  • Verify order
  • Check if it seems excessive
  • take meds directly to the patient
  • Check 2 patient identifiers
  • complete required assessent prior to giving
  • DO NOT LEAVE at bedside, stay until that complete
76
Q

Is 25 gauge bigger or smaller than a 16 gauge needle

77
Q

Normal Phys changes with aging

A
  • body composition
  • body cells less able to replace themselves
  • reduces lean body mass
  • loss of subq fat
  • body shrinkage due to loss of cartilage
  • body fat atrophy (sagging)
  • hard to maintain body temp
  • increas risk of dehydration, decrease intracellular fluid
78
Q

Fluid Volume Excess

A
  • tachycardia
  • JVD
  • Bounding Pulse
  • ansarca (gen edema)
  • labs all decrease
79
Q

Gen survey assessment

A
  • make sure the patient is safe when they leave the hospital
  • living conditions
  • safe environment
80
Q

Examples of Body System Disabilities

A
  • Spina Bifida
  • Blindness
  • Deafness
81
Q

Examples of Developmental Disabilities

A

Cerebral Palsey, Down Syndrome

82
Q
A

Chvostek’s Sign

83
Q
A

Trousseau’s sign

84
Q

Emotional Aspect, hospice

A

Affective Domain

85
Q

measurement used to assess pain for children between the ages of 2 months and 7 years or individuals that are unable to communicate their pain.

A

FLACC scale

86
Q

Signs of Hyponatremia

A

SALT LOSS

  • Stupor/Coma
  • Anorexia
  • Lethargy
  • Tendon Reflexes Decreased
  • Limp Muscles
  • Orthostatic Hypotenion
  • Seizures/headaches
  • Stomach Cramping
87
Q

a condition marked by intermittent muscular spasms, caused by malfunction of the parathyroid glands and a consequent deficiency of calcium.

88
Q

What directions to solutes diffuse?

A

high to low

89
Q

What direction does osmosis move?

A

towards higher concentration

90
Q

Hypoxia Signs & Symptoms

A

RAT BED

Early Signs:

  • Restlessness
  • Anxiety
  • Tachycardia/Tachypnea

Late Signs:

  • Bradycardia
  • Extreme Restlessness
  • Dyspnea
91
Q

Magnesium food containing products

A
  • chocolate
  • nuts
  • peanut butter
  • banana
92
Q

3 safety concerns with a patient on oxygen

A
  1. flammable
  2. skin breakdown
  3. fall risk

Nursing School (33 decks)

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