4.5 CRUDE OIL Flashcards
1
Q
what is crude oil?
A
a mixture of hydrocarbons
2
Q
what are hydrocarbons?
A
compounds of hydrogen and carbon only
3
Q
order of fractional distillation?
A
- Refinery gases
- Gasoline
- Kerosene
- Diesel
- Fuel oil
- Bitumen
4
Q
what happens as boiling point increases down the fractional distillation column?
A
- the fractions get darker in colour
- the fractions get more viscous (like treacle)
- molecular mass increases
5
Q
use of refinery gas:
A
fuel for home cooking
6
Q
use of gasoline:
A
fuel for cars
7
Q
use of kerosene:
A
fuel for aircraft
8
Q
use of diesel:
A
fuel for trains
9
Q
use of fuel oil:
A
fuel for ships
10
Q
use of bitumen:
A
making roads
11
Q
temperature at the top of the fractioning column:
A
cold
12
Q
temperature at the bottom of the fractioning column:
A
hot
13
Q
how does fractional distillation work?
A
- heated crude oil vapours enter the column
- vapours rise until they reach their boiling point, when they condense
- different vapours condense at different heights due to their different boiling points
- similar vapours condense together as a fraction
14
Q
what is a fraction?
A
mixtures containing the hydrocarbons that boil in a particular temperature range
15
Q
what is a fuel?
A
a substance which when burned, releases heat energy
