3.2 PARTICLE NUMBERS + ELECTRONS

Question 1

relative mass of a proton:

Answer 1

1.000

Question 2

relative mass of a neutron:

Answer 2

1.000

Question 3

relative mass of an electron:

Answer 3

0.001

Question 4

relative charge of a proton:

Answer 4

+1

Question 5

relative charge of a neutron:

Answer 5

0

Question 6

relative charge of an electron:

Answer 6

-1

Question 7

what is the atomic number?

Answer 7

the number of protons
bottom number

Question 8

what is the mass number?

Answer 8

the total number of protons and neutrons
top number

Question 9

how to work out number of neutrons?

Answer 9

mass number- atomic number

Question 10

what are isotopes?

Answer 10

same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 11

what is the relative atomic mass?

Answer 11

average mass of an element , taking into account the different masses of each isotope

Question 12

how to calculate relative atomic mass:

Answer 12

• calculated using the mass numbers of each isotope and their % abundances
• mass number of Chlorine 35 is 35, % abundance is 75%
• mass number of Chlorine 37 is 37, % abundance is 25%
• RAM = (75/100 x 35) + (25/100 x 37)
• (% abundance/ 100 x mass number) + (% abundance/ 100 x mass number)

Question 13

what are rows called in the periodic table and what do they represent??

Answer 13

• periods
• number of occupied electron shells

Question 14

what are columns called in the periodic table and what do they represent?

Answer 14

• groups
• number of electrons in outer shell

Question 15

why do elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar chemical properties?

Answer 15

they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, meaning they all have to lose or gain the same number of electrons to form a positive/negative ion, to have a full, stable electronic configuration

Question 16

why do noble bases not readily react?

Answer 16

The atoms of noble gases already have complete outer shells, so they have no tendency to lose, gain, or share electrons.