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the USA, 1955-92: conformity + challenge > 4.4 > Flashcards

4.4 Flashcards

1
Q

by the early 1980s, how many black Americans made up the population?

A

12%

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2
Q

by the early 1980s, how many black Americans made up those receiving AFDC + food stamps?

A

AFDC - 43%
food stamps - 35%

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3
Q

when was Andre Young (black American) elected as Mayor of Georgia?

A

1981

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4
Q

when was Harold Washington (black American) made Mayor of Chicago?

A

1983

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5
Q

how many new voters did Harold Washington help add in 1982-83?

A

100,000

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6
Q

what did Harold Washington’s triumph show?

A

black Americans could have a major influence on local politics

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7
Q

who was Jessy Jackson?

A

the most prominent black American politician of the ’80s

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8
Q

when did Jessy Jackson run for the Democratic Party nomination for presidency + why was this important?

A

1984 + 1988
showed black Americans could become serious contenders for America’s highest political office

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9
Q

when was Clarence Thomas appointed as a black American SC Justice by Bush?

A

1991

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10
Q

what was the number of black-owned businesses in the USA in the 1960s compared to 1992?

A

1960s = only a few hundred thousand
1992 = 621,000

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11
Q

when did Oprah Winfrey appear on the front page of Time Magazine?

A

1988

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12
Q

what did Forbes list Oprah Winfrey as in 2003?

A

the USA’s 1st female black billionaire

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13
Q

what was the median white household income compared to black?

A

white- $40k
black - $24k

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14
Q

how long was Thriller in the charts for in 1982?

A

80 weeks
37 as n1

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15
Q

how many Grammies did Thriller win?

A

12

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16
Q

name a few other black American musicians

A

prince
Whitney Houston
Tina Turner
LL Cool J

17
Q

in the 1984 LA Olympics, how many US medals did black Americans win + why is this important?

A

track + field = 40/49
boxing = 10/11
black Americans only made up 125 of the population so this was a big accomplishment

18
Q

what % of basketball players were black in 1986?

A

75%

19
Q

when was Vincent Chin murdered + why?

A

June 1982
white car-workers blamed him for lay-offs in the car industry

20
Q

what did Bernard Goetz do in 1984 + what happened to him?

A

shot 4 aggressive black youths who wanted money, one had brain damage
received only 8 months in prison

21
Q

how many white Americans supported the outcome of Bernard Goetz’s case?

A

90%

22
Q

when was the Rodney King case?

A

1991-92

23
Q

how many were killed, injured + arrested as a result of the race riots in response to the Rodney King case?

A

54 killed
2,400 injured
17,000 arrested

24
Q

what did the Rodney King case reinforce?

A

the belief that some police forced were racist (institutionalised racism) + that inner-city areas were still areas of poverty, high unemployment + crime

25
Q

when was the 1st female SC Justice appointed + who was it?

A

1981
Sandra Day O’Connor

26
Q

when did Democratic Candidate Mondale nominate his VP running mate a woman?

A

1984

27
Q

what did the press declare the 1992 election year as?

A

the year of the woman

28
Q

when was Emily’s List set up + what did it aim to do?

A

1984
aim to put more women into national politics (success)

29
Q

what was the female share of management jobs in 1972 compared to 1985?

A

1972 = 20%
1985 = 36% (almost doubled)

30
Q

what were the jobs in banking + financial management that were held by women 1960-83?

A

9%-39%

31
Q

what % of all college graduates in 1985 were women?

A

50%

32
Q

who was the 1st US woman in space + when?

A

Sally Ride
1983

33
Q

how many lawyers were female in 1970 compared to the 1980s?

A

1970 - 8%
1980s - 40%

34
Q

how many new doctors were female in 1970 compared to the 1980s?

A

1970 - 4%
1980s - 33%

35
Q

how many females were in the workforce in 1970 compared to the 1990s?

A

1970 - 38%
1990s - 50%

36
Q

what was the pay gap in 2002?

A

women still earnt only 77% of a man’s earnings for a similar job

the USA, 1955-92: conformity + challenge (15 decks)

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