3.1 Flashcards

how far was there a crisis in political leadership in the years 1973 to 1980?

1
Q

how many Americans were taken hostage in Iran + for how long?

A

66
444 days

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2
Q

when was the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?

A

27th Dec 1979

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3
Q

why was the Iranian hostage crisis so important?

A
  • impacted 1980 election
  • only 18% saw Carter as a ‘very strong leader’
  • led to growing fear USA was losing international diplomacy
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4
Q

when did Carter authorise a military mission + was it a success?

A

April 1980
No:
- 8 American airmen died
- images shown worldwide
- Cyrus Vance (Secretary of State) resigned

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5
Q

what happened at Love Canal?

A
  • foul smelling industrial waste
  • residents living nearby suffered damage (attracts media attention)
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6
Q

what did Love Canal lead to?

A
  • state enquiry
  • NYS spending $30 mil to clean canal
  • Congress would spend $1 billion/year to clean toxic sites
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7
Q

what happened at Tellico Dam?

A
  • plan to build dam opposed by environmentalists + they got the SC to declare against dam in 1978
  • dam was built
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8
Q

when + where was Three Mile Island?

A

March 1979
Pennsylvania

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9
Q

what were the consequences of Three Mile Island?

A
  • no new nuclear reactors built
  • public no longer trusted nuclear energy + had to rely on oil (despite inflated oil prices from 1973 Yom Kippur War)
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10
Q

when was the Watergate scandal?

A

1972

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11
Q

what happened at Three Mile Island?

A

nuclear reactor almost exploded + 10,000 fled homes

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12
Q

what happened after Tellico Dam was built?

A
  • Wildlife Refuge set up
  • National Park Extension across USA
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13
Q

when was the Iranian Hostage Crisis?

A

Nov 1979 - Jan 1981

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14
Q

where + when was Love Canal?

A
  • near Niagra Falls
  • 1978
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15
Q

when + where did Tellico dam take place?

A

1978
E Tennessee

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16
Q

what was the most serious nuclear accident in American history?

A

Three Mile Island

17
Q

when did Ford pardon Nixon for ‘any and all crimes’?

A

8th September 1974

18
Q

what was the voter turnout in the 1980 election + why was this significant?

A

53%
showed there was increasing political disillusionment

19
Q

when was Iran willing to formally end the crisis?

A

once Reagan had replaced Carter

20
Q

what was Carter’s response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?

A

announced US boycott of the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games

21
Q

what did Ford develop a reputation for?

A

honesty

22
Q

what was Nixon’s political leadership like?

A
  • devious
  • highly intelligent
  • capable of engaging in dirty tricks to get his way in politics
23
Q

what was Carter’s political leadership like?

A
  • more open
  • less-imperial
  • not tainted by any links to Washington
24
Q

how did Carter break tradition at his inauguration?

A

by walking back from Congress to the White House after being sworn in, instead of getting a limo

25
Q

what did Carter like to be called + why?

A

‘Jimmy’ to imply he was an ‘ordinary guy’

26
Q

what did Carter’s approval ratings drop to + why was this significant?

A

25%
less than Nixon’s at height of Watergate

27
Q

how many people felt Nixon lacked ‘presidential quality’?

A

76%

28
Q

how many people felt Carter lacked ‘presidential quality’?

A

80%

29
Q

did Carter have an imperilled presidency?

A

yes

30
Q

what was Carter’s most significant successful international affair?

A

Camp David Accords - September 1978
- diplomatic miracle
- Carter given credit for negotiating