4.3.1.3 Bacterial Diseases Flashcards
1
Q
What type of pathogen is salmonella food poisoning caused by?
A
bacteria Salmonella
2
Q
What is Salmonella one of the key global causes of?
A
1 of 4 key global causes of diarrhoeal diseases
3
Q
How is Salmonella transmitted?
A
- food poisoning spread by bacteria ingested in food
- spread by food prepared in unhygienic conditions
- spread through eating contaminated food that is undercooked or raw e.g. poultry eggs, meat and untreated mill and dairy products
- can also be spread by an infected person e.g. through inadequate had washing after using the WC and/or during food handling
4
Q
What are the symptoms of Salmonella?
A
- most cases of salmonellosis are mild, however sometimes can be life-threatening
- diarrhoe
- stomach ramps
- fever
- vomiting
- all caused by toxins Salmonella bacteria secrete
5
Q
What is the treatment for Salmonella?
A
- no cure
- in severe cases, intravenous fluids used to keep someone hydrated and antibiotics used
- most cases rest and drinking fluid is sufficient
6
Q
How can the spread of Salmonella be prevented/controlled?
A
- vaccinate poultry against Salmonella to control its spread
- good personal hygiene - wash hands after using toilet / being sick
- wash hands before preparing/handling food
- do not prepare food whilst infected
- isolate yourself- disinfect clothes/surfaces
- do not share utensils/cutlery/towels
7
Q
What type of pathogen is gonorrhoea caused by?
A
caused by bacteria Gonorrhoea
8
Q
What does gonorrhoea cause?
A
- can cause infections in genitals, rectum and throat
- very common infections esp. among young. people ages 15-24
9
Q
How is gonorrhoea transmitted?
A
- it’s an STD - transmitted through sexual contact
- pregnant woman with gonorrhoea can give infection to baby during birth
10
Q
What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea?
A
- burning sensation when urinating
- thick white, yellow, or green discharge from vagina or penis
- men: painful or swollen testicles
- women: vaginal bleeding between periods
11
Q
What is the treatment for gonorrhoea?
A
caused by a bacteria and easily treated with the antibiotic penicillin until many resistant strains appear
12
Q
How can the spread of gonorrhoea be controlled/prevented?
A
- by being in a long-tern nuptially monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and has negative STD test results
- use of barrier method of contraception e.g. using latex condoms correctly during sexual intercourse
- can also be controlled through use of treatment by antibiotics
- abstinence
- wash hands after urinating
