Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Renal > 4.3: Renal, Testicular and Penile Cancer > Flashcards

4.3: Renal, Testicular and Penile Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the different types of renal tumour?

A

Benign

Renal Pelvis Tumours

Renal Parynchema Tumours

Embryonic Tumours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe imaging of renal tumours?

A

Ultrasound

CT

MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How are the majority of renal tumours discovered?

A

Incidental Findings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe benign renal cysts?

Diagnosis?

How are they often found?

A

70% of benign asymptomatic renal lesions

Fluid filled lesion

They can be single or multiple cysts

Very common (1/10 people)

Ultrasound is the best way

Contrast CT

Often incidental finding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe Angiomyolipoma?

Diagnosis?

Risks/Side effects?

A

Benign

Composed of muscle, blood vessels and fat

Diagnosed using CT

Can haemorrhage and requires embolization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe Oncocytoma?

Diagnosis?

Treatment?

A

Benign - doesn’t metastases

Make up about 3-7% of renal tumours

CT shows central scar

Often there is nephrectomy due to size and also concern that is may be cancerous (very hard to differentiate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the classic presentation of a renal cell carcinoma?

How is this often found?

A

Loin Pain

Renal Mass

Haematuria

Often incidental finding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Renal Cell Carcinoma:

Men/Women?

Age?

A

More common in males

Peak age range about 65-75

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the types of renal cell carcinoma?

A

Adenocarcinoma of proximal convoluted tubule

Can be clear cell (most common) or papillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma?

A

Ultrasound

CT

Biopsy (High False Negative)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the staging of Renal Cell Carcinoma?

Where does this metastases to?

A

Robson Staging

Bone, Brain, Lungs, Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Treatment of renal cell carcinoma?

A

Radical Nephrectomy

Partial Nephrectomy

Radiofrequency Ablation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe BXO?

A

Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans

Pre-malignant cutaneous lesions

There is white patches, fissuring, scaring, bleeding

Main cause tight foreskin in older men

Treated with circumcision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe squamous cell carcinoma in situ?

A

Erthyroplasia of Queyrat - if on the glans, prepuce or shaft

Bowen’s Disease - anywhere else on penis

Presents as red velvety patches

Needs differentiated from benign causes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does this photo show?

A

BXO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does this photo show?

A

Squamous Carcinoma in Situ (bowen’s disease of erythroplasia of Queyrat)

17
Q

Describe presentation of squamous carcinoma of penis?

A

Often late presentation

Red raised area of penis

Foul smelling

Phimosis (Unable to retract foreskin)

18
Q

Diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis?

A

Biopsy

Ultrasound

MRI

19
Q

Peak age incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of penis?

Common?

Role of HPV?

Role of circumcision?

A

80

Not that common

HPV 16 indicated

Circumcision is protective

20
Q

Treatment of carcinoma of the penis?

A

Surgery for primary tumour

Radiotherapy

21
Q

Describe the germ cell tumours of the testis?

How common are these?

A

Seminoma

Teratoma

ITGCN (Intra-tubular germ cell neoplasia)

Not that common

22
Q

Describe presentation of testicular tumours?

Diagnosis?

A

Painless swelling of testis

Non tender

Diagnosis based on ultrasound and markers

23
Q

Describe the markers in testicular tumours?

A

AFP - Alpha Feta Protein

HCG (Beta-HCG)

LDH

24
Q

True or False:

AFP is always raised in pure seminoma

A

False

AFP is never raised in pure seminoma

25
Q

Raised HCG suggests… (Which tumour)?

A

Teratoma

26
Q

Describe the role of the markers POST surgery?

A

Can be used to see if the surgery has been sucessful

27
Q

Treatment of testicular tumours?

A

Surgery (Orchidectomy)

Chemotherapy

Radiotherapy

28
Q

Management of carcinoma in situ?

A

Radiotherapy

29
Q

Management of Seminoma?

A

Radiotherapy

Chemotherapy

30
Q

Management of Teratoma?

A

Surveillance

Chemotherapy

Renal (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions