Question 1

What parts of the urinary tract are found in the pelvis?

Accepted Answer

Distal Ureter Bladder Proximal Urethra

Question 2

What parts of the urinary tract are found in the perineum?

Accepted Answer

Distal Urethra

Question 3

At what level does the abdomen become the pelvis?

Accepted Answer

At the level of the hip bones (Iliac Crests)

Question 4

What is the pelvis split into?

Accepted Answer

False Pelvis True Pelvis

Question 5

What is the divide between the false pelvis and the true pelvis?

Accepted Answer

The pelvic rim

Question 6

What is the differentiation between the true pelvis and perineum?

Accepted Answer

The pelvic floor (More specifically the levator ani)

Question 7

Describe the pelvic floor?

Accepted Answer

This is composed of a number of muscles Formed by the bowl shaped 'pelvic diaphragm' One of the muscles is the levator ani muscle

Question 8

What is the main muscle of the pelvic floor called? (Muscle of the pelvic diaphragm)

Accepted Answer

Levator Ani

Question 9

Where does the false pelvis go from?

Accepted Answer

From the iliac crests to the pelvic inlet

Question 10

Where does the true pelvis go from?

Accepted Answer

From the pelvic inlet to the pelvic floor

Question 11

Which part of the pelvis is the bladder found in?

Accepted Answer

True Pelvic (Pelvic Cavity)

Question 12

How does the urethra get into the perineum from the pelvic cavity?

Accepted Answer

Passes through the pelvic floor

Question 13

What are the openings in the pelvic floor for?

Accepted Answer

For the distal parts of the alimentary, renal and reproductive tracts to pass through

Question 14

What are the borders of the perineum?

Accepted Answer

From the pelvic floor to the external skin

Question 15

Describe the depth of the perineum - deep or shallow?

Accepted Answer

Shallow

Question 16

What part of the urinary tract is contained in the perineum?

Accepted Answer

The urethra

Question 17

Describe where the ureters cross the common iliac arteries?

Accepted Answer

The ureters cross the common iliac arteries at the pelvic brim This is often the point of bifurcation

Question 18

Do the ureters pass anteriorly or posteriorly to the common iliac arteries when they enter the pelvis?

Accepted Answer

The ureters pass ANTERIORLY to the common iliac arteries when the enter the pelvis

Question 19

Describe the direction of the ureters once they have crossed the common iliac arteries?

Accepted Answer

They run along the lateral walls of the true pelvis

Question 20

What happens when the ureters reach the ischial spine?

Accepted Answer

The ureters turn medially once the reach the ischial spine. They enter the posterior aspect of the bladder

Question 21

The ureters turn medially to enter the posterior aspect of the bladder At what landmark do they turn medially?

Accepted Answer

The ischial spine

Question 22

Describe the position of the ureters in relation to the peritoneum when they are in: - The abdomen - The pelvis

Accepted Answer

When in the abdomen they are retroperitoneal When in the pelvis they are sub peritoneal

Question 23

What direction do the ureters enter the bladder? Why?

Accepted Answer

Ureters enter the bladder in an inferiomedial direction Helps prevent urine reflux

Question 24

What is the pouch between the rectum and bladder (in males) called?

Accepted Answer

Retrovesicle pouch

Question 25

What is the deepest part of the peritoneal cavity in males?

Accepted Answer

Retrovescile pouch

Question 26

In females, what is the pouch between the rectus and uterus called?

Accepted Answer

Rectouterine Pouch OR Pouch of Douglas

Question 27

In females, what is the pouch between uterus and bladder called?

Accepted Answer

Vesico-uterine pouch

Question 28

What is the deepest part of the peritoneal cavity in females?

Accepted Answer

Rectouterine pouch (pouch of douglas)

Question 29

What is lateral to the ureter in females?

Accepted Answer

The suspensory ligament of the ovary

Question 30

The arteries entering the pelvis are mainly branches from the ...?

Accepted Answer

Internal Iliac Artery

Question 31

Describe the blood supply to the pelvis in females?

Accepted Answer

- Vesical Arteries (to bladder) - Middle Rectal Artery - Uterine Artery - Vaginal Artery

Question 32

Describe the blood supply to the pelvis in males?

Accepted Answer

- Vesical Arteries - Middle Rectal Artery - Prostatic Arteries

Question 33

Which arteries are seen in the pelvis of both males and females?

Accepted Answer

Vesical Arteries Middle Rectal Artery

Question 34

Which arteries are specific to: - Females? - Males?

Accepted Answer

Females have the vesical arteries, middle rectal artery AND the vaginal artery and uterine artery Males have the vesical arteries, middle rectal artery AND prostatic arteries

Question 35

The prostatic arteries are branches of which arteries?

Accepted Answer

Vesical Arteries

Question 36

What do vesical arteries supply?

Accepted Answer

The Bladder

Question 37

When empty, where is the bladder contained?

Accepted Answer

Within the true pelvis

Question 38

When the bladder begins to fill, where does it expand into?

Accepted Answer

Can expand into the false pelvis

Question 39

Describe the relationship between the bladder and the peritoneum?

Accepted Answer

Only the superior border of the bladder is in contact with the peritoneum This relationship stays constant even when the bladder is full or empty

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1.3: Anatomy of Lower Urinary Tract Flashcards

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