4.2.2: Classification And Evolution Flashcards
What is natural selection?
Natural selection is the process that leads to evolution within a population.
What occurs first in the process of natural selection?
Random mutations occur within the population.
What does genetic variation in a population result from?
Genetic variation is introduced by random mutations.
What are selection pressures?
Conditions within the environment which drive natural selection, such as competition for resources, new diseases, new predators, and changes to the climate.
What is a reproductive selective advantage?
A new allele that provides an advantage for survival and reproduction.
What happens to individuals with advantageous alleles?
They are more likely to reproduce and pass the allele onto their offspring.
What is the result of successful reproduction over many generations?
An increase in the frequency of the advantageous allele within the population.
What is evolution in terms of allele frequency?
Evolution is a change in the allele frequency of a population.
Fill in the blank: __________ is an example of natural selection that resulted in bacteria evolution to become resistant to antibiotics.
Antibiotic resistance
How does antibiotic resistance occur in bacteria?
A random mutation creates an allele that provides resistance to antibiotics.
What happens when bacteria with resistance alleles are exposed to antibiotics?
Only those with the resistance allele survive and all others die.
What is a similar example of natural selection in insects?
Pesticide-resistant insects have evolved following the introduction of pesticides to crops.
