4.1.1: Communicable Diseases: New Medicine Flashcards
What are personalised medicines linked to?
Gene technology
Personalised medicines are tailored to individuals based on their unique genetic makeup.
What is pharmacogenetics?
The study of how genes affect a person’s response to drugs
It enables the identification of drugs that individuals will respond better to by analyzing their DNA.
What is synthetic biology?
Using bacteria as medicine factories and researching chemical pathways
It involves complex processes that can lead to tissue engineering and drug regeneration.
What is the purpose of biostimulation in agriculture?
Enhancing plant growth and health through biological means
It is part of sustainable agriculture practices.
Define biofertilization.
The use of living organisms to enhance soil fertility
Biofertilizers can improve nutrient availability to plants.
What are cancer vaccines designed to do?
Stimulate the immune system to fight cancer cells
They aim to enhance the body’s natural defenses against cancer.
What are N of 1 trials?
Clinical trials focused on individual patients
They aim to assess the effectiveness of a treatment for a single patient.
What is the significance of microbial community in health?
It influences health and disease states
The composition of microbial communities can affect drug responses.
What does genetic/genome engineering involve?
Modifying the genetic material of organisms
This can include techniques like CRISPR for targeted gene editing.
What are functional genes/circuits?
Genetic components that perform specific biological functions
They can be engineered for various applications in synthetic biology.
What are living sensors/switches?
Biological systems that can detect and respond to environmental changes
They are useful in monitoring biological processes in real-time.
What is biocontrol?
Using natural organisms to control pest populations
It is an alternative to chemical pesticides in agriculture.
What is in situ engineering?
Modifying organisms or systems in their natural environment
This approach allows for direct application in ecosystems.
What does characterization in biotechnology refer to?
The detailed analysis of biological systems and their components
It helps in understanding the functions and interactions within biological systems.
What is the concept of functional genomics?
The study of gene functions and interactions
It provides insights into how genes contribute to phenotypes.
What is meta-omics?
The comprehensive study of various omics layers (genomics, transcriptomics, etc.)
It provides a holistic view of biological systems.
What does transcriptomics study?
The complete set of RNA transcripts produced by the genome
It helps in understanding gene expression patterns in different conditions.
