42 Clinical: Headaches Flashcards
1
Q
Primary vs Secondary
- Differentiate between these
A
2
Q
Secondary
- What do these describe?
A
Secondary Headaches
3
Q
Primary Headaches
- What are the 4 types of primary headaches?
- Which one is most common?
A
4
Q
Primary Headaches
- Tension Headaches
- How common are these?
- Why will you not see a lot of these clinically?
- List the characteristics of these
- Where do they often occur?
A
5
Q
Primary Headaches
- Tension Headaches
- PE: What can you see on PE besides a normal PE?
- What are some RX TX for these?
- What about non-RX TX?
A
6
Q
Primary Headaches
- Tension Headaches
- Why do you need to watch for acetaminophen use?
- Who should avoid using this?
- Why do you need to watch for NSAID use?
- Who should avoid using this?
- What should the use of any abortive HA meds be limited to?
- Why?
- Why do you need to watch for acetaminophen use?
A
7
Q
Migraines
- What are the risk factors for this? (5)
- How common are they?
A
8
Q
Migraines
- How do migraines typically present? (Type of pain, location)
- What are they accompanied with?
- How long do they last?
- How often do they occur?
- What is chronic migraine defined as?
- What is status migrainosus defined as?
A
9
Q
Migraines
- What are the 4 phases of migraines?
- What happens in each phase?
- How long does each phase last?
A
10
Q
Migraines
- List some environmental triggers of migraines
- What are the 5 most common ones?
A
11
Q
Migraines
- What are the common food triggers of migraines? (7)
A
12
Q
Migraines
- Aura
- How often does this occur?
- When does it occur?
- What are the 4 subtypes of auras?
- What drugs do you always avoid?
- Why
- What kind of treatment should be done for these patients, and why?
A
13
Q
Migraines
- Theory
- What nerve is involved in the theory of migraines?
- What neurotransmitter is involved, and how does this relate to nausea/vomiting?
- What peptide neurotransmitter is thought to increase inflammation and causes the meninges to become sensitive?
- What nerve is involved in the theory of migraines?
A
14
Q
Migraines
- When are opioids used?
- If a patient’s own care falls with home treatment and they go to the ER, what drugs can be considered? (5)
A
15
Q
Migraines
- What are the neuromodulation techniques that patients can use?
- Which one is abortive?
- Which one is preventative?
A
16
Q
Migraines
- What is the first-line prevention for migraines?
A
17
Q
Migraines
- When are Rx Tx recommended?
- What do you use for patients who are using abortive meds more than 2 times a week?
- What are the goals of Rx treatment?
A
18
Q
Migraines
- What are the 4 classes of preventative medication?
A
19
Q
Migraines
- Comorbid conditions
- What do you use when a patient is less than 60 years old with HTN and has no tobacco use or HLP?
- For a patient older than 60 with HTN?
- For a patient with depression?
- For a patient with insomnia?
- For a patient with obesity?
A
20
Q
Migraines
- CGRP receptor antagonist
- What kind of drugs are these?
- What do they do?
- What are the 3 available drugs?
- How effective are they?
- Why would a patient not use these?
A
21
Q
Migraines
- Integrative approach
- What supplements can reduce migraines? (4)
- What 3 therapies can patients do to reduce migraines?
A
22
Q
Cluster Headaches
- What are the 4 risk factors for this?
- Characteristics
- What are the 3 characteristics patients have?
- What 5 symptoms must patients have AT LEAST one of?
A
23
Q
Cluster Headaches
- Why do we think cluster headaches occur?
A
24
Q
Cluster Headaches
- Differentials
- Trigeminal Neuralgia
- Is this a primary or secondary HA?
- What 3 things can cause it?
- How do these headaches typically present?
- What happens to them overtime?
- How can we treat them?
- Trigeminal Neuralgia
A
25
Cluster Headaches
* Differentials
* Giant Cell Arteritis
* Is this a primary or secondary headache?
* What is it caused by?
* What can this lead to if untreated?
* Who gets this?
* How do HA's typically present?
* What are the 2 gold standard diagnostic tests?
* How do we treat them?
26
Cluster Headaches
* Differentials
* Paroxysmal hemicrania
* How long do these last?
* How often do they occur?
* How do they present?
* Who gets these?
* How do they differ from cluster headaches?
27
Cluster Headaches
* Treatment
* What are the 2 types of first-line treatments?
* What are the 3 types of second-line treatments?
28
Cluster Headaches
* Treatment
* What is the gammaCore?
* How effective is it?
29
Cluster Headaches
* Prevention
* What do you use if clusters last longer than 2 months?
* What do you use if clusters last less than 2 months?
* When do you use topiramate?
* What 2 novel surgical procedures can be done?
30
Cluster Headaches
* Diagnostic Criteria
* Associated symptoms
* Duration
* Frequency
* Location
* Pain Quality
* Episode Number
31
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
32
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
33
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
34
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
35
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
36
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
37
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
38
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
39
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
40
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
41
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
42
Red Flags
* What is this an indication of?
43
How do you know when to use labs/imaging for headaches?
