4.2 Biodiversity

Question 1

Biodiversity

Answer 1

The variety of life on earth

Question 2

Ecosystem Variety

Answer 2

Variety of combinations of species living together.

Question 3

Species Diversity

Answer 3

Different species in the evolutionary tree of life on earth, body plans, internal and external structures, life cycles and modes of nutrition.

Question 4

Genetic Diversity

Answer 4

Variety in the gene pool of each species, between separated populations and within populations.

Question 5

Caribbean Monk Seal

Answer 5

• Native to warm temperature and tropical waters in Caribbean Sea.
• Hunted for its oil due to being an easy target by breeding on beaches.
• Overfishing of coral reefs (food)
• MF NOT BEEN SIGHTED FOR 70 YEARS✋✋🔥🔥

Question 6

Giant Moa

Answer 6

• 3.6 M, 230kg
• North island of New Zealand
• Hunted by Polynesian settlers in the 13th century for meat
• MFS EXTINCTT

Question 7

Silphium

Answer 7

• Plant that grew in libya
• Harvested by ancient Greeks as a birth control (over harvesting), overgrazing and desertification

Question 8

Causes of extinction

Answer 8

• Habitat Destruction (Agriculture, Architecture)
• Invasive species (Predation, diseases, competition, hybridizing w the aliens)
• Pollution (Burning of fossil fuels, mining, oil extraction, pharmaceuticals)
  -Climate Change (Temperature, Rainfall) Too bad if can’t adapt womp womp

Question 9

Biodiversity loss causes

Answer 9

Hunting, over-exploitation, urbanization, deforestation, pollution, invasive species

Question 10

In situ conservation

Answer 10

Leaving species in their natural habitat while conserving it/ protecting it and the species remain adapted to their ecological niches.

Question 11

Why several approaches?

Answer 11

​
no single approach is sufficient OR establishing conservation areas is often effective, but without reintroduction of lost species it will have limited success OR other suitable example showing that when one approach is used, another is required for effective conservation [1]

→
​
different species OR ecosystems require different measures [1]

→
​
not all methods are affordable for different countries OR organisations, OR governments [1]

→
​
biodiversity encompasses a vast range of organisms, habitats, and ecosystems with different interdependencies [1]

→
​
socio-economic factors need to be considered to ensure that conservation efforts take into account local communities’ needs and interests

Question 12

EDGE of Existence criteria

Answer 12

• Evolutionary distinct, relatives, small Clade
• Globally endangered