4.2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Define biodiversity.

A

Measure of variation found in the living world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define habitat.

A

Where an organism lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define species.

A

a group of organisms that can freely interbreed to produce fertile offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is random sampling carried out?

A
  • sample sites inside habitat randomly selected

- random selection through computer generated co ordinates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Advantage of random sampling?

A
  • Data is not bias
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Disadvantages of random sampling?

A
  • May not cover all areas

- Species with low presence may be missed leading to underestimate of biodiversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is opportunistic (non-random) sampling carried out?

A
  • Sample decisions made using prior knowledge or during data collection
  • May sample area where particular species can be seen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Advantages of opportunistic (non-random) sampling?

A
  • Easier and quicker then random sampling.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Disadvantages of opportunistic (non-random) sampling?

A
  • Bias -> colourful area

- Overestimate of biodiversity due to overestimate of importance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is stratified sampling (non-random) carried out?

A
  • Divide habitat in equal sized areas which appear different

- Sample separately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the advantages of stratified sampling (non-random)?

A
  • All habitat samples

- Species not under represented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Disadvantage of stratified sampling?

A
  • Possible over representation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is systematic sampling carried out?

A
  • Sample taken at intervals

- Line or belt transect used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Advantages of systematic sampling?

A
  • Useful when clear gradient in habitat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Disadvantage of systematic sampling?

A
  • Only species on line or within belt sampled leading to possible underestimation of biodiversity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do you sample invertebrates?

A
  • Sweep net through vegetation in wide arcs
  • Net will capture insects
  • Empty net on white sheet
  • Pooter in case they fly away
  • Suitable for low vegetation
17
Q

How to collect samples from trees?

A
  • Place white sheet under the tree
  • Hit branches with stout stick
  • Vibrations will dislodge small animals causing them to fall on white sheet
  • Count and identify samples
18
Q

How does a pitfull trap work?

A
  • Container set in soil with rim underneath the surface
  • Insect falls into container
  • Little water and scrunched paper to avoid crawling away
  • Rainy conditions should have shelter
19
Q

How does tullgren funnel work?

A
  • Leaf litter in funnel
  • Light bulb drys up and heats leaf litter
  • Insects move downwards falling through mesh into a jar
20
Q

How does light trap work?

A
  • Collects fly’s at night
  • Vessel underneath containing alcohol will collect fly’s
  • Ultraviolet used
21
Q

How does logworth trap work?

A
  • MAR technique
  • Humane way
    1) Capture sample of animals
    2) Make each individual and record as C1
    3) Release back into environment, set trap for a period of time
    4) New captured animals recorded as C2
    5) Re-captured animals marked as C3
    6) Total population = (C1 x C2) / C3
22
Q

What are the limitations of logworth trap?

A
  • Animals may come again as a