4.1.1 - Basics Concepts Of Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What is a homologous series?

Answer 1

A series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2.

Question 2

What is the ending for an alkane?

Answer 2

-ane

Question 3

What is the ending for a branched alkane?

Answer 3

-yl

Question 4

What is the ending for an alkene?

Answer 4

-ene

Question 5

What are the endings for the haloalkanes?

Answer 5

Chloro-/bromo-/iodo-

Question 6

What is the ending for alcohols?

Answer 6

-ol

Question 7

What is the ending for aldehydes?

Answer 7

-al

Question 8

What do aldehydes have?

Answer 8

Carbon double bonded to oxygen and single bonded to hydrogen.

Question 9

What is the ending for ketone?

Answer 9

-one

Question 10

What is the formula for ketone?

Answer 10

Carbon bonded to 2 other carbons and double bonded to oxygen.

Question 11

What is the ending for carboxylic acids?

Answer 11

-oic acid

Question 12

What is the formula for carboxylic acids?

Answer 12

Carbon double bonded to oxygen and also to OH.

Question 13

In nomenclature what is the 3rd stem?

Answer 13

Prop-

Question 14

In nomenclature what is the nine stem?

Answer 14

Non-

Question 15

In nomenclature what is the fourth stem?

Answer 15

But-

Question 16

In nomenclature what is the 10th stem?

Answer 16

Dec-

Question 17

What is a homologous series?

Answer 17

A series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2.

Question 18

Structural isomers?

Answer 18

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.

Question 19

What happens in heterolytic fission?

Answer 19

Bond breaks unevenly with one of the bonded atoms receiving both electrons from the bonded pair.

Question 20

What is homolytic fission?

Answer 20

Bonds break evenly and each bonding pair receives one electron from the bonded pair. Two radicals are formed.

Question 21

Why are radicals very reactive?

Answer 21

Because of the unpaired electron.

Question 22

What is a radical?

Answer 22

A species with an unpaired electron.

Question 23

Why does stereoisomerism (E/Z) occur?

Answer 23

Restricted rotation around the carbon carbon double bond there are two different groups on each of the carbon carbon double bonds. Different arrangement in space.

Question 24

Equation for the formation of bromine free radicals, and type of bond breaking?

Answer 24

Br2 -> 2Br.

Homolytic fission

Question 25

Explain how P orbitals are involved in the formation of the pi bond?

Answer 25

Sideways overlap of adjacent p-orbitals above and below the sigma bond.