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AS Chemistry > 4.1.1 - Basics Concepts Of Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

4.1.1 - Basics Concepts Of Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2.

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2
Q

What is the ending for an alkane?

A

-ane

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3
Q

What is the ending for a branched alkane?

A

-yl

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4
Q

What is the ending for an alkene?

A

-ene

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5
Q

What are the endings for the haloalkanes?

A

Chloro-/bromo-/iodo-

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6
Q

What is the ending for alcohols?

A

-ol

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7
Q

What is the ending for aldehydes?

A

-al

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8
Q

What do aldehydes have?

A

Carbon double bonded to oxygen and single bonded to hydrogen.

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9
Q

What is the ending for ketone?

A

-one

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10
Q

What is the formula for ketone?

A

Carbon bonded to 2 other carbons and double bonded to oxygen.

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11
Q

What is the ending for carboxylic acids?

A

-oic acid

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12
Q

What is the formula for carboxylic acids?

A

Carbon double bonded to oxygen and also to OH.

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13
Q

In nomenclature what is the 3rd stem?

A

Prop-

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14
Q

In nomenclature what is the nine stem?

A

Non-

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15
Q

In nomenclature what is the fourth stem?

A

But-

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16
Q

In nomenclature what is the 10th stem?

A

Dec-

17
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2.

18
Q

Structural isomers?

A

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.

19
Q

What happens in heterolytic fission?

A

Bond breaks unevenly with one of the bonded atoms receiving both electrons from the bonded pair.

20
Q

What is homolytic fission?

A

Bonds break evenly and each bonding pair receives one electron from the bonded pair. Two radicals are formed.

21
Q

Why are radicals very reactive?

A

Because of the unpaired electron.

22
Q

What is a radical?

A

A species with an unpaired electron.

23
Q

Why does stereoisomerism (E/Z) occur?

A

Restricted rotation around the carbon carbon double bond there are two different groups on each of the carbon carbon double bonds. Different arrangement in space.

24
Q

Equation for the formation of bromine free radicals, and type of bond breaking?

A

Br2 -> 2Br.

Homolytic fission

25
Q

Explain how P orbitals are involved in the formation of the pi bond?

A

Sideways overlap of adjacent p-orbitals above and below the sigma bond.

AS Chemistry (24 decks)

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