2.2.1 - Electron Structure Flashcards
What is the equation to work out how many electrons can go in each shell?
2n^2, where n is the principle quantum number.
How many electrons in the 1st shell?
2
How many electrons in the 2nd shell?
8
How many electrons in the 3rd shell?
18
How many electrons in the 4th shell?
32
What are atomic orbitals?
A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spin.
How many electrons can each orbital hold?
2
What shape are S orbitals?
Spherical
What shape are P orbitals?
Dumbbells.
How many P orbitals in a shell?
3
How many orbitals in an S shell?
1
How many orbitals in a P shell?
3
How many orbitals in a D shell?
5
How many orbitals in an F shell?
7
Why don’t electrons in orbitals repel each other?
Because of a property called spin. The two electrons have opposite spin.
What is electronic configuration?
The arrangement of electrons in an atom or ion.
When building up an atom which shells are filled up first?
The atom with the lowest available energy.
How is a subs hell built up?
Each orbital is filled singly before pairing starts.
Why does 4s orbital fill before the 3d?
It has a slightly lower energy level.
What is the electronic configuration of Li (atomic number 3)?
1s2, 2s1
What is the electronic configuration of Li+?
1s2.
Electronic configuration of copper? Just last shells.
4s2 3d10
Electronic configuration of chromium? Last shells only.
4s2 3d5
What is the first ionisation energy?
Energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms producing ions of charge 1+.
Why don’t orbitals repel each other?
Because of a property called spin.
