2.1.1 - Atomic Structure and Isotopes

Question 1

What 3 subatomic particles are atoms made up of?

Answer 1

Protons, electrons and neutrons.

Question 2

Where are electrons found?

Answer 2

In the orbitals around the nucleus.

Question 3

Where are neutrons and protons found?

Answer 3

In the nucleus.

Question 4

What is the relative mass of a proton?

Answer 4

1

Question 5

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

Answer 5

1

Question 6

What is the relative mass of an electron?

Answer 6

1/2000

Question 7

What is the relative charge of a proton?

Answer 7

+1

Question 8

What is the relative charge of a neutron?

Answer 8

0

Question 9

What is the relative charge of an electron?

Answer 9

-1

Question 10

What is the atomic number?

Answer 10

Number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 11

What is the mass number?

Answer 11

Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 12

What are negative ions?

Answer 12

Have more electrons than protons.

Question 13

What does a 2+ charge mean?

Answer 13

There are two fewer electrons than protons.

Question 14

What is an isotope?

Answer 14

Atoms of an element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.

Question 15

How are isotopes the same?

Answer 15

Same atomic number.

Question 16

How are isotopes different?

Answer 16

Different mass numbers.

Question 17

Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties?

Answer 17

The number and arrangement of electrons decides the chemical properties and this stays the same.

Question 18

Why do isotopes have different physical properties?

Answer 18

Physical properties depend more on the mass of the atom and the mass number changes.

Question 19

What is relative atomic mass?

Answer 19

Weighted mean mass compared with 1/12th mass of carbon-12

Question 20

What is the relative isotopic mass?

Answer 20

Mass compared with 1/12th mass of carbon-12.

Question 21

When referring to what is relative molecular mass used?

Answer 21

Simple molecules.

Question 22

How do you find the relative molecular mass?

Answer 22

Add up the relative atomic mass values of all the atoms in the molecule.

Question 23

When reffering to what is relative formula mass used?

Answer 23

Compounds that are ionic or giant covalent.

Question 24

How do you find the relative formula mass?

Answer 24

Add up all the relative atomic masses of all the ions in the formula unit.

Question 25

What do you have to use to find the relative atomic mass?

Answer 25

The isotopic abundances.

Question 26

How do you find the RAM?

Answer 26

1. Multiply each relative isotopic mass by its % relative isotopic abundance and add up the results.
2. Divide by 100.

Question 27

Which isotope is the international standard for the measurement of relative mass?

Answer 27

Carbon-12