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Politics Paper 1 > 4.1 voting behaviour and the media > Flashcards

4.1 voting behaviour and the media Flashcards

1
Q

1983 general election

outlying factors

A

falklands war, the cold war, the economy

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2
Q

1983 general election

falklands war

A
  • victory increased favour of thatcher. Tories outscored labour by 19 points after victory
  • labour seen as weak
  • generated patriotism
  • michael foot spoke in favour of the military, but divisions within labour argued otherwise
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3
Q

1983 general election

the economy

A
  • thatcher incredibly unpopular due to her monetarism policies
  • she lowered interest rates, so people didnt invest or borrow money.
  • low economic growth and unemployment were blamed on the labour government
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4
Q

1983 general election

the cold war

A
  • uk was going to replace old (polaris) submarines with triden 3 bought from the US
  • michael foot spoke against this, making him more unpopular
  • arms race also escalating
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5
Q

1983 general election

media biases

A
  • the sun, daily express, daily mail, daily telegraph, the times (C)
  • daily mirror (L)
  • Guardian (LD)
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6
Q

1983 general election

party policy: conservatives

A

thatcherism, privatisation, free market economy, reducing trade union power, anti-socialism (arms race)

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7
Q

1983 general election

party policy: labour

A
  • nuclear disarmament
  • nationalisation, strengthen workers rights, increase public spending, welfare + public services
  • progressive taxation discouraged higher tax bracket voters
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8
Q

1983 general election

party policy: liberal democrats

A

pro europeanism
- cnetreism: free market economics, social liberalism, freedom + welfare state

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9
Q

1983 general election

voting behaviour: conservatives won lots of…

A

labour dominant northern england

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10
Q

voting behaviour: highest turnout (age and location)

A

turnout highest in people aged above 55.
turnout in leicestershire north west: 81.1%

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11
Q

1983 general election

techniques used in campaigns: conservatives

A
  • sent out 1000 copies of labours programme to their supporters
  • membership of the EEC, nuclear deterrent, trade union reform, privatisation
  • urban areas targeted
  • defence, employment, economic prosperity
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12
Q

1983 general election

techniques used in campaigns: labour

A
  • exposed tory documents including a claim from Healy that Thatcher lied about unemployment trends
  • focused on areas that had been economically impacted by Thatcher
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13
Q

1983 general election

techniques used in campgins: Liberal Democrats

A
  • openness to a coalition
  • grassroots campaigning
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14
Q

1997 general election

wider political context: John major

A
  • small majority in 1992
  • cartoons of a grey uncharismatic man
  • lack of control of his party
  • described ministers as ‘bastards’
  • withdrew the whip from rebels
  • divided over thatcherism/one-nation
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15
Q

1997 general election

gender

A
  • women 44% labour vs 32% conservative
  • men 45% vs 31% conservativr
  • public sector women voted more for labour presumably because of what Thatcher did to the public sector
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16
Q

1997 general election

age

A
  • 1/2 of 18-44 year olds voted labour
  • 82% of black voters voted labour
  • 12 points ahead for 25-44 year olds
  • 4 points ahead for 55-64 year olds.
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17
Q

1997 general election

media

A

the sun - rupert murdoch backed labour
the times decreased conservative support
1992 labour defeat blamed on media bias

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18
Q

1997 general election

opposition: cash for questions affair

A

2 conservative MPs accepeted payments for lobbying
- 1 resigned, Neil Hamilton and Ian Greer sought to clear their names in court prolonging the scandal
-

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19
Q

1997 general election

oppostion: campaign and divisions

A

conservative divisions over EU relationship
‘going back to basics’ campaign
traditional family values

20
Q

1997 general election

spin doctors

A
  • alaister campbell and other journalists ensured media stories conveyed a targeted message in favour of labour
  • labour managed the media and political stories much more effectively than conservtives
21
Q

1997 general election

outcome

A

conservatives lost more than half their MPs
Labour won 418 seats
conservatives won 165 seats
Lib Dems won 46 seats
landslide victory, but the lowest turnout since 1935 (71%)

22
Q

1997 general election

policy: labour pledge cards

A
  • cut class sizes to 30 for 5-7 year olds
  • fast track punishment for persistent young offenders
  • cut nhs waiting lists by treating an extra 100,000 patients as a first steo
  • no rise on income tax
23
Q

1997 general election

policy: conservatives

A
  • reducing role of the state
  • didnt reflect uk valuest
  • tax allowance to encourage nuclear families - where a anon working partner could give tax free allowance to working spouse
24
Q

2017 General Election

campaign techniques labour

A
  • improving the nhs mostly
    although:
  • labour was totally divided. Especially over suspicions that corbyn was a secret brexiteer.
  • cabinet was very left wing, so his manifesto suited them well
  • corbyn seen as unelectable by the moderates
25
Q

Campaign techniques

what were labour’s approval ratings after Thereasa May took over

A
  • when thereasa may became MP, corbyn’s net approval ratings were -42
  • ## a month after the elections, July 2017, Labour were a couple % points ahead of the conservative polls
26
Q

campaign techniques 2017

campaign techniques 2017 conservatives - image - initially, then after campaigning?

A
  • initially a strong leader in may
  • she was presented as a safe pair of hands for brexit
  • net satisfaction dropped when she started campaigning, it seemed highly controlled and she refused to join debates
  • she seemed to struggle to change the party’s image, and was reluctant to engage with the public
  • 33.7% of conservative tweets related to EU and terrorism
27
Q

campaign techniques 2017

campaign techniques 2017 liberal democrats

A

campaigned most over staying in the EU

28
Q

campaign techniques 2017

campaign techniques 2017 green

A

protecting the environemnt

29
Q

campaign techniques 2017

campaign techniques 2017 UKIP

A

leaving the EU

30
Q

role of the media 2017

role of the media 2017
conservatives

A

thereasa may refused to take part in tv debates. Home secretary amber rudd once sent to speak on her behalf.

31
Q
A
32
Q

role of the media 2017

role of the media 2017
labour

A

hostile towards corbyn - with the exception of the daily mirror
- social media loved corbyn, because of young voters
- attacks on corbyn from the sun actually boosted approval ratings
- the guardian even proposed tactically anti-tory voting (lib dems/greens)

33
Q

outcome 2017

outcome 2017

A
  • conservatives won 317 seats and 42.3% of the vote
  • labour won 262 seats and 40% of the vote
  • liberal democrats won 12 seats and 7.4% of the vote
34
Q

opinion polls 2017

opinion polls 2017 conservative

A
  • showed conservatives winning comofrtably, which was incorrect
  • so, some conservative voters may have riskily voted for a smaller party or not at all.
35
Q

voting behaviour 2017

voting behaviour 2017 age

A
  • 66% of 18-19 year olds voted labour
  • 57% of 18-19 year olds
  • 84% of 70+ year olds
36
Q

voting behaviour 2017

voting behaviour 2017 region

A
  • conservatives gained lots of UKIP votes in the north east
  • followed expected lines though mostly
  • the SNP lost seats to conservatives and labour
37
Q

voting behaviour 2017

voting behaviour 2017 employment

A
  • conservatives 39 points ahead among retirees
38
Q

voting behaviour 2017

voting behaviour 2017 class

A
  • class not really a good indicator anymore
  • labour 4% behind among ABC1 voters
  • did best among DE voters
  • conservatives did best among C2 voters
39
Q

voting behaviour 2017

voting behaviour 2017 gender

A
  • women slightly leaning conservative, but not a major tell
40
Q

voting behaviour 2017

voting behaviour 2017 ethnicity

A
  • 65% of ethnic minority voters voted labour
  • this is part of a long-term trend
41
Q

voting behaviour 2017

voting behaviour 2017 education

A

support for conservatives decreased the more educated a voter was
- low education qualifications - 22% led by conservatives (GCSE or equivalent)
- high education qualifications (degree or equivalent) - 17% led labour

42
Q

impact of party policies on the outcome 2017

party policies conservatives

A
  • means tested winter fuel payments
  • new grammar schools
  • bringing back fox hunting
  • removing free school meals
  • dementia tax
43
Q

impact of party policies on the outcome 2017

impact of party policies on the outcome conservatives

A

welathier pensioners who usually voted conservative reacted negatively to the dementia tax
- because it meant someone suffering from alzheimer’s caused a bigger need for social care and would therefore be disadvantaged when passing their home to their children

44
Q

impact of party policies on the outcome

party policies labour

A
  • £250b infrastructure investment
  • 4 new bank holidays
  • minimum wage to £10 by 2020
  • scrap student tuition fees
  • 50p tax rate for those earning over £123,00
45
Q

impact of party policies on the outcome

impact of party policies on the outcome labour

A

public liked the policies, despite the medias negative coverage.
- there was a slight concern over where the money would come from, but these fears were settled by labour releasing a costing document explaining lots of the policies would simply pay for themselves.

Politics Paper 1 (14 decks)

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