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Psych > 41. Violence and Abuse > Flashcards

41. Violence and Abuse Flashcards

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1
Q

effects of violence

A
  • permanent changes in survivor’s reality and meaning of life
  • deep wounds
  • endangerment of core beliefs about self, others, and the world
  • damage or destruction of survivor’s self-esteem
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2
Q

theories of violence

A
  • biochemical (increased dopamine, serotonin, and NE)
  • substance abuse
  • social learning theory
  • economic disadvantage
  • community disorganization
  • attitudes supportive of violence
  • imbalances in relationship power (subordination of women)
  • factors influencing leaving vs staying in violent relationships (fear, lack social networks, or lack of resources)
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3
Q

what does the social learning theory say

A
  • children witnessing violence in homes often perpetrate violent behaviors in families as adults
  • learn to accept violence and expect it
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4
Q

most common type of violence and abuse

A

domestic (family violence)

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5
Q

types of domestic abuse

A
  • intimate partner violence (IPV): physical, psychological, or sexual
  • stalking
  • rape/sexual assault
  • child abuse: neglect, physical, psychological, sexual
  • elder abuse: physical, sexual, emotional, neglect, abandonment, financial
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6
Q

repeated unwanted contact, attention, and harassment

A

stalking

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7
Q

characteristics of stalking

A
  • crime of intimidation
  • cyberstalking
  • women 18-24 have highest risk of being stalked
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8
Q

characteristics of rape/sexual assault

A
  • act of aggression no passion
  • can occur at any age
  • highest risk group: 16-24
  • most victim single women and occurs near own neighborhood
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9
Q

nursing interventions for rape victim

A
  • you’re safe
  • I’m sorry this happened to you
  • this is not your fault
  • I’m glad you survived
  • you did the best you could
  • explain every assessment procedure ahead of time
  • provide privacy
  • encourage victim to give account of incident
  • provide information about referrals
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10
Q

rape survivor is openly emotional

A

express-response pattern

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11
Q

rape survivor will mask emotions and will appear to be calm w/ blunted affect; may feel numb

A

control-response pattern

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12
Q

rape survivor will have variety of sxs (muscle tension, headache, sleep disturbances, or ABD pain)

A

somatic reaction

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13
Q

when the rape survivor suppresses feelings and doesn’t tell anyone; may regress to childhood and experience night terrors

A

silent rape reaction

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14
Q

reaction to intimate partner violence

A
  • women: afraid or reluctant to identify abusers due to retaliation; attribute injuries to other causes
  • men: hesitant to report victimization or fail to consider behaviors as abuse
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15
Q

describe psychological IPV

A
  • criticize, insult, humiliate, or ridicule
  • destroy another person’s property
  • threaten or harm pets
  • control or monitor spending and activities
  • isolate person from friends or family
  • more constant than physical violence (episodic)
  • varieties of abuse to exert power and control
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16
Q

secondary victims of IPV

A

children of IPV victims

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17
Q

T/F: victims of IPV are also victimized by family courts

A

True

18
Q

phase 1 of cycle of battery

A

tension build up phase (abuser is moody and victim is being careful to not trigger them)

19
Q

phase 2 of cycle of battery

A

acute battering incident (when abuse takes place)

20
Q

phase 3 of cycle of battery

A

honeymoon phase (abuse is calm and loving; trying to regain control and power over victim; using undoing defense mechanism)

21
Q

when the abuse tries to make the victim feel like they’re crazy and everything is their fault

A

gaslighting

22
Q

survivors psychological response to trauma from violence

A
  • fear
  • low self-esteem
  • guilt and shame
  • problems w/ intimacy
  • revictimization (end up in another abuse relationship)
23
Q

survivors biological response to trauma from violence

A
  • physical injury
  • negative health consequences
  • somatic complaints
  • GYN problems (STDs)
24
Q

mental health consequences from violence trauma

A
  • depression
  • PTSD
  • alcohol and other drug disorders
  • suicidal
  • co-occurring disorders
25
Q

profile of the victim

A
  • all socioeconomic groups
  • married or unmarried
  • all employment types
  • low self-esteem
  • accept blame for abuse
  • grew up in violence house
  • accept relationship as male dominated
  • can’t see possible options
  • learned helplessness
26
Q

profile of victimizer

A
  • low self esteem
  • dual personality
  • under great deal of stress
  • poor coping skills
  • become threatened if woman shows any signs of interest in other people
  • ignore young children
  • threaten to take children
27
Q

reasons why someone stays in abuse relationship

A
  • fear of retaliation
  • for the children
  • for financial reasons
  • lack of support network
  • religious reasons
  • hopefullness
28
Q

most common form of child abuse

A

neglect

29
Q

consequences of emotional abuse in children

A

results in impairment of social, emotional, intellectual functioning

30
Q

indicators of child sexual abuse

A
  • difficulty walking or sitting
  • suddenly refuses to change for gym or to participate in physical activities
  • reports nightmares or bedwetting
  • experience sudden change in appetite
  • demonstrates bizarre, sophisticated, or unusual sexual knowledge or behavior
31
Q

characteristics of incestuous relationship

A
  • father domineering and mother passive (she knows about it but uses denial or keeps quiet out of fear of being abused by husband)
  • poor communication between parents
  • usually starts when child is 8-10 years old
  • usually oldest child
  • child becomes bewildered
32
Q

characteristics of adults who survive incest

A
  • lack trust
  • low self esteem
  • poor sense of identity
  • does not trust own feelings
  • are not comfortable sexually as adults
  • poor relationships w/ peers
  • often find relationship where they are abused again
  • often poor relationships w/ family (not believed)
33
Q

characteristics of child abuser

A
  • were likely abuse as children themselves
  • stressful life situation
  • lack of support systems
  • lack of understanding of child development
  • maladaptive coping strategies
  • unrealistic expectations of child
34
Q

assessment of victims of abuse

A
  • establish nurse-pt relationship
  • conduct lethality assessment (danger assessment screen) -> checks for danger of harm when returned home
  • screen for violence and abuse (abuse assessment screen and Burgess-Partner Abuse Scale for Teens)
  • obtain Hx and PE
35
Q

evaluation and treatment for victims of abuse

A
  • manage pt’s immediate safety
  • ending abusive relationships
  • recognizing that one is not to blame
  • demonstrate strengths and coping skills
  • re-establish social network
  • follow-up efforts important (monitor living environment and sxs)
36
Q

treatment for abuser

A
  • usually court mandated
  • extensive outpatient programs includes: cognitive behavioral techniques, psychoeducational topics, anger management, and couple counseling
37
Q

goals of care for victims of abuse

A
  • prevent injury
  • stop violence
  • ensure safety
38
Q

nursing assessment for psychological domain

A
  • MSE
  • observation for sxs (anhedonia, difficulty concentrating, feelings of worthlessness/guilt)
  • suicidal or homicidal intent
  • problems w/ intimacy
39
Q

nursing assessment for social domain

A
  • social networks and support
  • restrictions on freedom
  • degree of dependency in relationship
  • revictimization
40
Q

teaching for abusive families

A
  • child management skills
  • parenting skills
  • leisure skills
  • household organization
  • anger control and stress management

Psych (17 decks)

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