2. Stigma & Recovery of Mental Health Disorders Flashcards
who ordered treatment of people with mental health disorders be more humane and by a physician
Philippe Pinel
raised funds to host mental health retreats where patients received sympathetic care in pleasant surroundings
William Tuke
opened mental health asylums that had humane and supportive rehab
Quakers in the US
stated that the insane are wards of the state and the state governments should assume financial responsibility of their care
Horace Mann
promoted humane treatment and responsible for foundation of state hospitals for mental disorders
Dorothea Dix
primary treatment of mental health between 1900-1950
institutionalized (did not receive care but were removed from society)
formed national committee for mental hygiene
Clifford Beers
what changed the view of mental illness and stated that it can affect anyone
World War II
emotional and psychological balance in the pursuit of wellness and a meaningful quality of life
mental health
T/F: it is impossible to be healthy without being “mentally healthy”
True
How can someone with a chronic mental disorder be mentally healthy
- person adapts and makes changes to their life
- good insight into their disorder
- know they have to take their meds
- know their limitations
- aware what will happen if they get stressed and able to use healthy coping skills
- utilize resources
conditions involving altered thinking, mood, or behavior; associated w/ distress or impaired functioning
mental disorders
When do mental disorders become a problem?
when they impair a person’s everyday functioning
stereotypes leading to prejudice and discrimination about mental health disorders
- dangerous
- unpredictable
- unable to function independently
- weak
- immoral
when someone begins believing what they hear and internalize it in themselves
self-stigma
person avoids treatment in order to prevent being labeled what they hear the public refer to them as
label avoidance
How do we change stigma of mental health disorders?
by interacting with people with mental disorders; learning about them and how to communicate with them
What is used to diagnose people with mental disorders
criteria in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-5 (DSM-5)
How does culture affect mental health diagnostics
a person may be labeled as having signs of a mental disorder when their behavior is normal to their culture
5 axis of DSM diagnostic system
- axis I: clinical disorder
- axis II: personality disorders and mental retardation
- axis III: general medical conditions
- axis IV: psychosocial or environmental problems
- axis V: overall functioning; global assessment functioning (GAF) scale
a process of change through which individuals improve their health and wellness, live a self-directed life, and strive to reach their full potential; single most important goal
recovery
components of recovery
- hope
- responsibility
- respect
- peer support
- strength based
- non-linear
- holistic
- empowerment
- individualized
- self-direction
cultural beliefs of Hispanic Americans
- use all other resources before seeking help from mental health professionals
- may believe mental health facilities don’t accommodate their cultural needs
- seek help through supportive home care and counseling from the church
cultural beliefs of African Americans
- extensive family networks relied on
- older adult members treated w/ great respect
- double stigma: from cultural group and longtime racial discrimination
- diagnosis and tx often racially biased -> less access to care due to lack of health insurance
cultural beliefs of Asian Americans
- denial or disguise of existence of mental illness
- embarrassment in family member is treated
- neurasthenia: symptoms of fatigue, weakness, poor concentration, memory loss, and sleep disturbances
- hwabyung (“suppressed anger syndrome”): subjective and expressed anger, feelings of heat and hate
cultural beliefs of Native Americans
- emphasis on respect and reverence for earth and nature
- healers and healing treatments (herbal medicines, healing ceremonies, and feasts)
- varying views of mental illness (supernatural possession, stigma degree varies)
mental illness culture and poverty
- widespread among cultural groups
- financial and emotional stress trigger or exacerbate mental problems
- homeless population most at risk for being unable to escape poverty
mental illness and rural cultures
- limited access to health care
- problematic for children and older adults who have specialized needs
- firearms most common method of suicide
connection to life and a way of interpreting life events; source of hope, joy, comfort, and guidance
spirituality
participation in a community of people gathering around common ways of worshiping; often defines one’s relationship w/ a family and community
religiousness
disorder influenced by cultural factors that represents a specific pattern of symptoms that occur within a specific cultural group/community
cultural syndromes
How does a person’s culture affect their DSM-5 diagnosis?
If a behavior is considered normal in a specific cultural, it is not viewed as a psych sx and would not meet criteria for a psych diagnosis
