4.1 Elements, Mixtures, And Compounds

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

A pure substance that do not be broken down into any other substance by physical or chemical means. (A pure substance is a substance in which there is only one type of particle)

Question 2

What are Elements made up of?

Answer 2

The smallest possible piece of matter is the atom.

Question 3

Atom

Answer 3

The basic particle from which all elements are made. Different elements are different because they contain different atoms.

Question 4

Elements abbreviations

Answer 4

Elements are represented by 1 or 2 letters, often from the Latin or Greek name for the element. The first letter is capitalized, the second letter is lowercase.

Question 5

Light for gold

Answer 5

“Aurum” - Au

Question 6

Silver

Answer 6

“Argentum” - Ag

Question 7

Iron

Answer 7

“Ferric” - Fe

Question 8

Sodium

Answer 8

Na

Question 9

Oxygen

Answer 9

O

Question 10

Hydrogen

Answer 10

H

Question 11

Calcium

Answer 11

Ca

Question 12

Chlorine

Answer 12

Cl

Question 13

Carbon

Answer 13

C

Question 14

Sulfur

Answer 14

S

Question 15

Characteristic properties

Answer 15

Each element can be identified by its own characteristic properties. For example, physical properties like boiling point, melting point, and density; and chemical properties such as reactivity with acid.

Question 16

Classifications of Matter

Answer 16

Element, compound, or mixture

Question 17

Compounds

Answer 17

A pure substance made up of two or more of elements chemically combined.

Question 18

Chemical bond

Answer 18

A force of attraction between two or more atoms.

Question 19

Molecule (w/example)

Answer 19

A particle made up of two or more atoms. These are written by chemical formulas.
Example: a molecule of the compound water is H2O. A molecule of the compound oxygen is O2.
2

Question 20

Chemical formulas

Answer 20

Shows the elements in the compound and the ratio of their atoms.

Question 21

Properties of chemically combined elements

Answer 21

When elements are chemically combined, they form compounds having properties that are different from those of the unconvinced elements.

Question 22

NaCl

Answer 22

Table Salt

Question 23

Fe2O3

Answer 23

Rust

Question 24

H2O

Answer 24

Water

Question 25

NaHCO3

Answer 25

Baking Soda

Question 26

Ag2O3

Answer 26

Tarnish

Question 27

C6H12O6

Answer 27

Glucose

Question 28

H2SO4

Answer 28

Sulfuric acid

Question 29

HC2H3O2

Answer 29

Vinegar (acetic acid)

Question 30

O2

Answer 30

Oxygen

Question 31

O3

Answer 31

Ozone

Question 32

NH3

Answer 32

Ammonia

Question 33

CO2

Answer 33

Carbon Dioxide

Question 34

Mixture

Answer 34

Made up of two or more substances that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined.

Question 35

Mixtures differences from pure substances

Answer 35

Each substance in a mixture keeps its individual properties (no chemical change). The parts of a mixture are not combined in a set ratio.

Question 36

Types of mixtures

Answer 36

Heterogeneous and homogeneous

Question 37

Heterogeneous

Answer 37

Different parts of the mixture are visible. | Examples: Raisin Bran, snow globe, jelly

Question 38

Homogeneous

Answer 38

Substances in these mixtures are so evenly mixed you cannot see the different parts. Examples: salt water, seltzer, mayonnaise

Question 39

Solutions

Answer 39

One part (solute) is dissolving into the other part (solvent).

Question 40

Mixture

Answer 40

Made up of two or more substances that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined.

Question 41

Mixtures differences from pure substances

Answer 41

Each substance in a mixture keeps its individual properties (no chemical change). The parts of a mixture are not combined in a set ratio.

Question 42

Types of mixtures

Answer 42

Heterogeneous and homogeneous

Question 43

Heterogeneous

Answer 43

Different parts of the mixture are visible. | Examples: Raisin Bran, snow globe, jelly

Question 44

Homogeneous

Answer 44

Substances in these mixtures are so evenly mixed you cannot see the different parts. Examples: salt water, seltzer, mayonnaise

Question 45

Solutions

Answer 45

One part (solute) is dissolving into the other part (solvent).

Question 46

Solubility

Answer 46

A measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a particular temperature. (Soluble)

Question 47

Suspensions

Answer 47

A mixture in which particles are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are too large to stay that way so they settle out. Example: snow globe

Question 48

Colloid

Answer 48

Uniformly mixed but one part is suspended in the other, does not settle or dissolve. Scatters light (opaque). Examples: milk, ooblick, fog, jello

Question 49

Separating mixtures

Answer 49

Compounds can be difficult to separate, but mixtures are usually easy because each component keeps it own properties.

Question 50

Methods of separating mixtures

Answer 50

Filtering, magnetism, evaporation, distillation, sifting, straining, centrifuge