4.1 Flashcards
Atom
the smallest particle of any element that retains the properties of the element.
subatomic particles
The particles that make up an atom ,
Atoms are composed of three subatomic particles:
.
protons,
neutrons, and
electrons.
Nuclear charge
the electric charge on the nucleus. This charge is always positive, since the protons have a positive charge and the neutrons are not charged
Atomic number
The nuclear charge or atomic number is given in the top left-hand corner of the element box for each element in the periodic table
compound
a pure substance that is composed of two or more atoms combined
Chemical changes
changes in the ways the atoms and molecules in a
pure substance are arranged and interconnected
nuclear charge
the term given to the electric charge on the nucleus,
and it is simply found by counting the number of protons. For example,
all carbon atoms possess six protons, so a carbon nucleus has a nuclear
charge of 6, Same as the atomic number
Bohr diagram
diagram that shows how many electrons are in each shell surrounding
the nucleus
period
each row
family
each collum
A Bohr diagram
a diagram that shows how many electrons are in each shell surrounding
the nucleus
ionic bonding,
metal to non metal , transfer not sharing
one or more electrons transfers
from each atom of the metal to each atom of the non-metal.
Covalent bonding
non metall to non metal. Sharing not transfer
formed when non-metallic atoms share electrons to form
covalent bonds
valence electrons.
The electrons in the valence shell are
